The World and Everything in It - November 24, 2021

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: Good morning!

U.S. President Joe Biden and Chinese leader Xi Jinping met last week for a virtual summit. What might its impact be on future relations?

NICK EICHER, HOST: That’s ahead on Washington Wednesday.

Also World Tour.

Plus, we head back to Georgia for part II of our story for National Caregivers Month. Today, what life is like for someone who needs family care.

And WORLD founder Joel Belz on the resurgence of the one-room school house.

BUTLER: It’s Wednesday, November 24th. This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Paul Butler.

EICHER: And I’m Nick Eicher. Good morning!

BUTLER: News is next. Here’s Kent Covington.

KENT COVINGTON, NEWS ANCHOR: Biden announces release of oil from strategic reserves » Gas prices could begin to fall in the weeks ahead after President Biden gave the order to tap into the nation’s emergency oil reserves.

BIDEN: I’m announcing the largest ever release from the U.S. strategic petroleum reserve to help provide the supply we need as we recover from this pandemic.

Biden heard there at the White House on Tuesday. He ordered the release of 50 million barrels of oil to help bring down energy costs.

He said the United States coordinated the move with several other nations.

BIDEN: India, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and the United Kingdom have agreed to release additional oil from their reserves.

Biden said China “may do more as well.”

Gas prices are at about $3.40 a gallon, more than 50 percent higher than a year ago.

Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm said “the president does not control the price of gasoline. No president does.”

GRANHOLM: But what we’re seeing right now is this global mismatch between supply and demand. Oil production is lagging behind as the rest of the economy roars back to life.

But it will likely take time for the extra oil to translate to lower prices at the pump.

Critics say the move could ultimately be counterproductive as oil producers may now feel less urgency to ramp up supply. And other major oil producing nations could decide to cut production to counter the petroleum release.

WHO Europe warns of possible surge in COVID deaths ahead » With COVID-19 cases on the rise, the World Health Organization is warning of another possible surge in deaths in Europe and beyond. WORLD’s Kristen Flavin has more.

KRISTEN FLAVIN, REPORTER: The WHO’s European region includes 53 countries and stretches beyond the European continent, into central Asia.

COVID deaths in the region rose to nearly 4,200 per day last week. That was twice the level of deaths recorded at the end of September.

The WHO Europe office said it expects high or extreme stress on hospital beds in 25 countries and high or extreme stress in intensive care units in 49 countries between now and March of next year.

WHO Europe called on people to get vaccinated, and practice good hygiene and social distancing.

The office also cited growing evidence that protection from vaccines is fading over time and said vulnerable populations should get priority access to booster shots.

But officials at the WHO’s international headquarters in Geneva have called for Western nations to hold off on boosters until poorer countries have full access to initial doses.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Kristen Flavin.

Biden admin asks court to lift stay on vaccine mandate » The Biden administration on Tuesday asked a federal court to lift a stay on the president’s vaccine mandate for large and mid-sized companies.

The mandate would force private companies with at least 100 employees to require all indoor workers to get vaccinated against COVID-19 or get tested weekly.

Republican states, businesses, and other groups argued that the administration is overstepping its authority. And a three-judge panel in the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals put the mandate on hold.

But in its filing with the U.S. 6th Circuit Court of Appeals, the Biden administration argued the mandate is needed to curb the spread of the virus, and the—quote—"grievous harms [it] inflicts on workers.”

If the mandate survives legal challenges, the OSHA rule would take effect Jan. 4th.

Guaido says Venezuelan opposition must unite after election » Juan Guaidó, the opposition leader in Venezuela is calling on opposition factions to unite in the wake of an election that saw the country’s disputed leader consolidate more power. WORLD's Josh Schumacher has that story.

JOSH SCHUMACHER, REPORTER: The ruling Socialist party of disputed President Nicholas Maduro crushed the opposition this week in a regional election, winning 20 governorships.

The results were not surprising. Maduro controls access to the media and he handpicked most of the members of the National Electoral Council.

Sunday marked the first time since 2017 that opposition parties even participated in a vote. But many within the opposition believe they should have continued to boycott the country’s questionable elections.

This week, well over half of all voters stayed home. And the leader of the U.S.-backed opposition, Juan Guaidó, was among them.

But Guaidó called for unity to chart a new course forward. He added—quote—“This is not the time to fight between parties.”

The United States and many other countries consider the Maduro presidency to be illegitimate and the result of rigged elections in Venezuela.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Josh Schumacher.

Suspect charged with 5 homicide counts in deadly parade crash » Prosecutors in Wisconsin have formally charged the man accused of driving his speeding SUV into a Christmas parade in suburban Milwaukee.

Authorities charged Darell Brooks Jr. with five counts of intentional homicide—one for each of the five people who died from the crash on Sunday.

Prosecutors now say that a sixth person, a child, has died and more charges are pending. More than 60 people were also injured.

Brooks made his initial appearance in court Tuesday. He could be heard crying during the proceeding, leaning over with his head nearly in his lap.

At the time of the parade crash, Brooks was out on bail following an arrest in Milwaukee County earlier this month. In that case, he was accused of intentionally striking a woman with his car. 

I’m Kent Covington. Straight ahead: president Biden tries to reset his relationship with Xi Jinping.

Plus, the legacy of a good education.

This is The World and Everything in It.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: It’s Wednesday the 24th of November, 2021.

Glad to have you along for today’s edition of The World and Everything in It. Good morning, I’m Paul Butler.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher.

A quick word as we head into the Thanksgiving holiday, quick word on our November New Giving Drive.

I expect you’ve heard about the dollar-for-dollar match up to $40,000 for all new gifts this month. We’re not there yet—little better than halfway to that goal.

So some longtime friends of ours from Pennsylvania got in touch and said they wanted to incentivize it further.

Here’s their offer:

If you’ve never given before and you can help us reach that $40,000 goal by making a first-time gift this month, our friends will chip in an additional $10,000.

So that’ll really multiply your giving if you’d become a first-time donor with us this.

BUTLER: That’s so great! Please consider heading over to wng.org/donate to make your gift today. It’s wng.org/donate.

First up: China.

President Biden and Chinese leader Xi Jinping met last week for a virtual summit. The meeting did not result in any new agreements or policy shifts and the White House says it was never intended to. But President Biden said he did hope to establish—quote—“guardrails” against conflict between the two countries.

EICHER: There is no shortage of disagreements between the rival superpowers.

And Beijing has in no way disguised the fact that it intends to outcompete and overtake America in the years ahead.

China already has the world’s second-largest economy, behind the United States, and it is ramping up its military capabilities at a dizzying pace.

So how is the United States countering the threat from China and how should it counter Beijing?

BUTLER: Here to help answer those questions is Zack Cooper. He has served as an adviser to the Defense Department. He’s now a lecturer at Princeton University as well as a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. Good morning and thanks for joining us.

ZACK COOPER, GUEST: Wonderful to be here with you.

BUTLER: Let’s start with last week’s virtual summit between President Biden and Xi Jinping. What do you think the meeting accomplished?

COOPER: I think the best thing the summit accomplished is a new tone in the relationship. So if you go back to the past several months, there had been a series of pretty tense meetings between American and Chinese leaders that started in Anchorage, Alaska, and then went on to Tianjin in China. And in each of those meetings, both sides had made very pointed comments, in the meetings, after the meetings, and really were critiquing the other side quite strenuously. The tone now is somewhat better in the relationship. Xi and Biden both spoke somewhat positively, at least of each other. And my understanding is that there were still a fair number of tensions in the closed door session, but at least this wasn't fireworks in front of the press. So that's probably the most positive thing that one can say about the summit that just happened.

BUTLER: So, why do you think tone is important?

COOPER: Well, that's a good question. I'm not sure it is that important, in fact. The hope from the White House is that an improved tone will lead the Chinese officials to be able to be somewhat more cooperative. So there's a feeling that Xi Jinping has been very confrontational in his discussions about the United States over the last few years, and that that may have made other officials in China, more junior officials, feel that they also had to be somewhat confrontational. And so the hope is that if the tone is better now that perhaps the results will be better, as well. But I'll tell you, my expectation is that this meeting will not have solved any of the core structural problems in the relationship. And, therefore, although the change in tone is, uh. positive, it doesn't signify any fundamental alteration in the direction of the relationship, which I think it's still trending in a very bad direction.

BUTLER: When it comes to competing with China economically, there is a lot of talk in Washington about selective decoupling from China. And I’ll ask you about re-coupling in just a moment, but let’s start with selective decoupling. What is that and why do many in America feel that that’s the right prescription?

COOPER: Well, the core idea is that the United States has been very closely coupled economically with China for decades, and we have gotten relatively cheap goods from China. In exchange, we have sent money, which has helped to feed the Chinese economy. And in many ways, China has been a production hub and the rest has been able to focus more on other areas, whether that's farming or high technology where China doesn't have an advantage. But over the last couple of decades, it's clear that this has altered some aspects of the U.S. economy in some ways that are fairly negative. And so some people have argued that the U.S. should decouple to some degree from the Chinese economy.  In other words, that the U.S. should be more self-reliant in certain areas, things like microchips, or personal protective equipment or pharmaceutical ingredients. And that doing so would better protect Americans, especially if those supply chains for those kinds of critical goods are strained, as they are right now. And so the idea was, well, maybe we should decouple a bit from China and that would give the U.S. more security at home and, in fact, maybe it would bring a bit of business back to the United States, even if it increased prices somewhat. And so the idea isn't to completely decouple the two economies. I think that's unrealistic, and it would be unwise. But the idea is instead to just decouple selectively in certain areas where we think we need to have a bit more independence from Beijing.

BUTLER: Now, that sounds reasonable to me, but you seem to hedge a bit on that argument.

COOPER: Well, I actually think that selective decoupling is probably not a bad idea, as long as it's done pretty carefully. But the one thing that it does, which is potentially quite risky, is that if we decouple in too many areas too quickly, we could find that, in fact, Beijing is not very dependent on the United States anymore. And although we don't talk about this a lot, it's actually pretty good for the United States for China to be dependent on us in certain areas. And the reason is because it gives us leverage. And oh, by the way, the Chinese know this. They have a plan called dual circulation policy. And part of the idea is to keep selling goods to the world, while China tries to stimulate more domestic growth. And what that means is that China wants to have leverage over some other countries by being a main exporter to them. And so it's still helpful for the United States to have China be dependent on the United States in certain areas, even as we're decoupling. And so really, my argument would be, we should be thinking carefully about how to re-couple in certain strategic areas that give us leverage over China. Not that we would use today but that we could use tomorrow if we need to.

BUTLER: You’ve mentioned how this recent meeting marks a shift in tone for the US in regards to China. Before that, had there been much of a difference between the actual policies between the Biden administration and the Trump administration?

COOPER: A lot of them have been quite similar. And this surprised a lot of people. I think many observers expected that the Biden team would take a much more cooperative approach from day one. And in fact, in some areas, the Biden team was perhaps even tougher than the Trump team. And that that really did come as a surprise to many observers in Washington. But I'll tell you, in talks with leaders and officials in Beijing, I think Chinese officials were even more surprised. They really thought there was going to be a positive change in the relationship under Biden.

However, over the last two or three months, I do think we've seen an improvement in the bilateral relationship. And some of this is because John Kerry has been pushing for climate change cooperation and I think there are others in the administration pushing for advances on trade issues. And they have been able to affect some of the dynamics within the administration on China policy and try and turn it in a more cooperative direction. And I don't want to suggest that I think that's necessarily a good thing. I think it's a risk for the United States to give up some leverage on other issues to try and force China to come to the table on climate change. But I do think that's the dynamic we're seeing now is China's leveraging climate change as a way to, to limit pressure from the United States in other areas.

BUTLER: You also say that Washington should start working more closely with its allies and, together, make China more dependent on certain foreign products. How would that’ll work and what kind of foreign products are you talking about?

COOPER: I'll give you one good example, which is a lot of Chinese cell phones used to use the Android operating system that Google makes. And that actually gave the United States a tremendous amount of leverage, not only over those cell phone makers, but also over certain apps that were on those phones and on down the line. And that kind of leverage is quite lasting, right? If overnight, the United States could legally force Google to stop updating the operating systems from a large portion of phones in China, that's a pretty substantial coercive mechanism. And we're not going to want to use it frequently, but it's the kind of thing that you could imagine might change some Chinese behavior. And there has been a push, for example, to wall off that kind of area so to say, “No, the United States shouldn't allow phones in China to operate using the Android operating system or other similar technology that's U.S. based.” And I think part of what I'm arguing here is, I think actually having that leverage over the long term is something that would be more useful to the United States than trying to slow down makers of phones in China and force them to build their own Android systems over the next few years. So that's the kind of example of an area where perhaps some degree of recoupling wouldn't be a bad thing.

BUTLER: Zack Cooper is a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. Thanks so much for joining us today!

COOPER: Thanks for having me.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Coming up next on The World and Everything in It: World Tour with Africa reporter Onize Ohikere.

ONIZE OHIKERE, REPORTER: UN nuclear watchdog chief presses for more access in Iran » We start today in Iran.

The head of the United Nations’ atomic watchdog met Tuesday with Iranian officials to press for greater access for nuclear inspections.

Rafael Grossi is head of the International Atomic Energy Agency.

GROSSI: We are continuing at this point with our negotiations with a view to finding common ground.

His inspectors remain unable to access surveillance footage of Iranian facilities as Tehran continues to grow its stockpile of uranium.

Iran now enriches small amounts of uranium up to 60 percent purity — its highest ever—and close to weapons-grade levels of 90 percent.

Grossi’s visit comes ahead of diplomatic talks to restart Iran’s nuclear deal with world powers.

GROSSI: There are a number of issues that we are working (on) and as the president just said, it is very important that we put this in the perspective of the peaceful nuclear programme of Iran at a time when climate change demands that we work together, that we add clean nuclear energy to the mattresses around the world, as it was discussed just a few days ago in Glasgow.

While Iran maintains its program is peaceful, regional rival Israel has repeatedly warned it won’t allow Tehran to build a nuclear weapon. Iran has repeatedly called for the total destruction of the Israeli state.

Austria’s national lockdown dampens holiday mood » Next we go to Austria, where a national COVID-19 lockdown is dampening holiday spirits.

After one last night out, Austrians awoke on Monday to their fourth national lockdown since the pandemic started. The government said the move was needed to fight the latest surge in new COVID-19 infections.

Among the people of Austria, the reaction is mixed.

DORIS: [Speaking German]

Nineteen-year-old student, Doris, said "Rationally it makes sense to have this lockdown in order to bring the case numbers down, but personally it is crazy. I've been waiting for nine months to go on a date with my boyfriend."

But a 24-year-old Austrian named Mario said it does not make sense.

MARIO: [Speaking German]

He said “I think we have to live with it, vaccinated or not, [COVID] will stay and I think for the next few years we will have to live with it."

But this lockdown is not as strict as earlier lockdowns. In the capital of Vienna, people are still heading to work and school and exercising outdoors.

Bus crashes, catches fire in Bulgaria; at least 45 dead » And finally, we end today in Bulgaria.

Authorities are still investigating a deadly bus crash that killed at least 45 people, including a dozen children.

The bus was carrying tourists back to North Macedonia when it apparently ripped through a guardrail on a highway and then caught fire.

Authorities are also investigating reports of an explosion.

SARAFOV: [Speaking Bulgarian]

Chief prosecutor Borislav Sarafov said “The question is what caused this blast.” Investigators don’t know if there was an explosion inside the bus or if striking the guardrail caused an explosion. And they do not yet know if it was a technical fault of the vehicle or human error that caused the crash.

Photos taken shortly after the crash showed the vehicle engulfed in flames as plumes of thick, black smoke rose. Daylight revealed a burned-out shell with all of its windows blown out. A portion of the guardrail was peeled away and lying in the road.

Seven people survived and were transported to hospitals after the crash.

That’s this week’s World Tour. Reporting for WORLD, I’m Onize Ohikere in Abuja, Nigeria.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Nothing like political pseudo events to lighten the mood, so it falls to me to announce President Biden’s first-ever presidential pardon.

BIDEN: By the power vested in me as president of the United States, I pardon you.

It’s the week of Thanksgiving, so you know what’s coming next. 

But give the president some credit, he did get the birds to speak up in their own inimitable way.

BIDEN: I pardon you this thanksgiving. … Go ahead and say something [gobble -- laughs]

The birds hail from Jasper, a small southern Indiana town, interestingly about half an hour’s drive north of the town of Santa Claus, Indiana, but that’s another story for another day.

Schoolchildren in Jasper named the two happy birds Peanut Butter and Jelly, of course.

After departing the White House, the turkeys headed back to Indiana where they will live out the remainder of their lives at Purdue University’s Animal Sciences Research and Education Farm living the academic life.

It’s The World and Everything in It.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: Today is Wednesday, November 24th.

Thank you for turning to WORLD Radio to help start your day.

Good morning. I’m Paul Butler.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher. Coming up next on the World and Everything in It: Caregiving part two!

November is National Family Caregivers Month. Yesterday, we introduced you to Steve and Angela Chapman. Angela has been Steve’s caregiver for more than half of their marriage.

BUTLER: We asked them to use their smartphones to candidly record parts of their day. In part 1 we heard from Angela about life as a caregiver. Today, WORLD Senior Correspondent Myrna Brown picks up the story from Steve’s perspective.

ALARM RADIO...

STEVE: Alright, it is Thursday, and the alarm just went off and I’m awake.

MYRNA BROWN, REPORTER: 50-year-old Steve Chapman is a Georgia transplant from Kentucky, with a slow drawl but a quick wit.

STEVE: So, that is why I sound very country and I talk slow.

After studying physical education in both college and graduate school, Steve began working as an athletic trainer and later as a middle school physical education teacher. He and his wife Angela met at church.

The two were married in 2000. Two year later, a then 31-year -old Steve was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. Their daughter Abby was born in 2003 and Jonathan came three years after that. By 2010, Steve could no longer walk. In 2012 they had to move out of their traditional two-story home and settled into the basement-rancher they have today. Inside their spacious aqua-colored bedroom, Angela is helping Steve into dry clothes.

STEVE: Since the pad’s wet, my shirt’s wet so we will have to take the shirt off. Now we’re rolling over… and now my shirt’s off. She’s finishing cleaning me up. Mornings like this I feel it’s frustrating and embarrassing… But you deal with it and get over it.

ANGELA: What color shorts do you want to wear today? If it’s ok I won’t wear shorts. You can just put a towel over me. Why don’t you want to wear shorts? Because it’s easier for me to get to a cup, so that when I urinate I can urinate into a cup.

The catheter extension Steve uses has made him sore. But it’s nothing a few dabs of medicine won’t cure. Before long, they’re back on their rigorous schedule and the morning sun, pouring through the kitchen window slowly fades into afternoon shade.

MYRNA TO STEVE: Steve when Angela leaves and you’re there by yourself, what goes through your mind? STEVE: Probably the first thing that goes on my mind… what’s on TV today? Or is there a replay of a football game because that will take up about three hours.

Other than occasional visits from family and friends, Steve says most days home alone are filled with dogs and boredom.

STEVE: I mean talking to dogs often is not a good thing because they sometimes act like they understand.

It’s 3:30 and Angela is just arriving from a full day’s work at her family-owned business. Steve is hungry for engagement.

ANGELA/STEVE CONVO: I’ve got to get some groceries out of the car. You need help? No, but do you think you can help me do some invoices? I can. If I set the computer up while I’m getting dinner started? Sure. You think I can go out with you and get a drink? You can, or you just want me to grab it for you? Whichever.

As I listened to that conversation, I noticed Steve’s insistence on helping with the groceries and Angela’s reluctance. So I asked them to elaborate.

STEVE: I get tired of just standing around and watching everybody else do stuff. I may not be able to hold a lot of things, but I’ve got a hook on the back of my chair.

ANGELA: Because my schedule is so crazy and I’m always rushing to do one thing after the other, and I’m tired a lot of times. I just don’t want him to help because I know that it’s going to take longer. But there are times when he’s just…I can tell where he’s getting to a point where his emotions…he’s tired of being by himself and stuck in the house, so I’ll take him to work with me just to have some social interaction…so that he feels useful.

ANGELA: Hey kids, can you all help me get daddy in bed… Arms up ready set…. Go.. okay.

While the Chapmans are still learning how to navigate the challenges of long-term illness and caregiving demands, conflicts are never far away. But at the end of the day, they say they’re thankful their family’s foundation is built on solid ground.

KIDS: Alright love you dad… love you, too buddy. Thank you. Love you, love you, too.

ANGELA: Gonna hop in the shower. Ok (smooch) Love you. Love you, too.

STEVE: The biggest reason that we’re still together is the vows that we took or gave to each other, it was for sickness and in health, for richer for poorer. The biggest thing is we promised each other but more importantly we promised God. And we’re going to be together till death due us part ….or Angela kills me.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Myrna Brown.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: Today is Wednesday, November 24th. Good morning! This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Paul Butler.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher.

You know, many families who listen to The World and Everything in It are also regular viewers of the Big Bash and his team every morning on WORLD Watch—our daily TV news for students. It’s really an excellent resource especially for homeschool families or any family with school-age kids and if that’s you, you know that.

If you don’t and you haven’t seen WORLD Watch, I want to clue you in on a really nice offer—our Black Friday promo for listeners to this program: Stream 6 months of WORLD Watch for just $20! That’s a really great deal—it’s our Black Friday offer—and I’ll tell you something: it’s available to you right now.

No supply-chain kinks here.

BUTLER: Just head over to worldwatch.news anytime between now and Monday, click the orange button in the center of the screen, enter you info, take advantage of the $20 offer to start streaming WORLD Watch immediately and for six full months. That’s worldwatch.news.

EICHER: World founder Joel Belz now on the benefits of an alternative education.

JOEL BELZ, FOUNDER: The one-room school house is back! That’s the big news from Lancaster County in southeast Pennsylvania. You heard about it earlier this month in Josh Schumacher’s story about Rozanna and Steven Leever. Schumacher does a great job of re-creating the authenticity and charm that have prompted some educators to call this one of the most profound forces for good in the history of American education.

The Leevers cut their eye-teeth as teachers in the Middle East in Qatar and Dubai. Returning to the United States “with some great ideas, the Leevers faced resistance in the public school contexts where they introduced them. That’s when the schoolhouse came up for sale.”

The Leevers’ story caught my attention because I’ve got my own personal experience with “one-room education.”

I was a fourth-grader in 1950—facing my fifth new school in just five years. For me, it was still an adventure. For my parents, it was a growing crisis. I ended up that fall in the South Cono School—a tiny one-roomer. It held 18 students, scattered across grades K through 7. And just one teacher, Barbara Lang, in her first year on the job.

I still remember my parents telling their skeptical friends some of the benefits. “When all grade levels are in one room,” Dad would point out, “the third graders listen in on the sixth graders, getting a head start on their material. And the laggards [I always liked that word!] had a chance to catch up.”

But the really crucial memory, shaping the future in a manner none of us could have imagined, came from my older sister, Julie Lutz: “I mentioned to Dad that in science class I had said to our teacher, ‘But that isn’t what the Bible says.’ And that our teacher had answered, ‘But that’s what the book says.’ Dad’s immediate response was: ‘We need to have a Christian school.’” We children wondered what a Christian school was. But by the following September we were at our desks in just such a school.

By that same September, the aging one-room school had closed its doors, merging with the much larger public school nearby. A few years later, the historic little structure left behind moved to a new home, on the campus of that new Christian school. It’s well over 100 years old today and serves largely as a museum.

Both schools might understandably be seen as in recovery mode. Of the school in Pennsylvania, Mrs. Leever says: “It’s a laboratory school. So that means I’m still learning as well. . . . There will be things that I say nope, not doing that again. We have to be willing to know that as an educator.”

And Wallace Anderson, who has ultimate responsibility for the use of the one-roomer in Iowa where I spent fourth grade, says: “Not all communities can afford private Christian schools. But all churches can afford something like what we’re doing here.”

In the meantime, one lesson should be accepted as completed wisdom. Don’t underestimate the durability of these 100-year-old, one-room school houses.

I’m Joel Belz.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Tomorrow: Black Friday shopping. We’ll find out what retail analysts expect for this year’s holiday shopping season.

And, we’ll take you back to Plymouth and the origins of Thanksgiving.

That and more tomorrow.

I’m Nick Eicher.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: And I’m Paul Butler.

The World and Everything in It comes to you from WORLD Radio.

WORLD’s mission is biblically objective journalism that informs, educates, and inspires.

Go now in grace and peace.

WORLD Radio transcripts are created on a rush deadline. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of WORLD Radio programming is the audio record.