The World and Everything in It - September 21, 2021

MARY REICHARD, HOST: Good morning!

President Biden wants Americans to drive electric cars. Car makers see many obstacles to reaching that goal.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Also you’re paying more at the gas pump. We’ll talk about why and what’s being done about it.

Plus, we’ll meet a Georgia woman who helps families struggling to pay tuition at Christian school. 

And reflections of a mom on kids and fears of missing out.

REICHARD: It’s Tuesday, September 21st. This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Mary Reichard.

EICHER: And I’m Nick Eicher. Good morning!

REICHARD: Here now is Kent Covington with today’s news.

KENT COVINGTON, NEWS ANCHOR: Mayorkas visits border, warns against illegal migration » Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas traveled to the Texas border city of Del Rio on Monday amid the ongoing border crisis.

And he had a message for those who would enter the country illegally.

MAYORKAS: Irregular migration, the perilous journey, is not the journey to take. One risks one’s life, the lives of one’s loved ones for a mission that will not succeed.

Border Patrol agents are using horseback patrols to keep people from crossing the Rio Grande into Del Rio. Mayorkas said 600 Homeland Security employees, including from the Coast Guard, have been brought to the border city of about 35,000 people.

The number of migrants at the Del Rio bridge peaked at nearly 15,000 on Saturday.

Officials have so far removed more than 6,000 Haitians and other migrants from an encampment along the border. And flights have begun returning Haitian migrants to Haiti.

Mayorkas called it a “challenging and heartbreaking situation.”

US easing virus restrictions for foreign flights to America » The United States has announced a major easing of travel restrictions for foreigners flying into the country.

White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki told reporters...

PSAKI: The older rules were not equitable in our view, and they were a bit confusing. So this was an effort to pursue that.

Foreigners can begin flying into the United States this fall if they have proof of vaccination and a negative COVID-19 test.

The changes, to take effect in November, will allow families and others who have been separated by the travel restrictions for 18 months to plan for long-awaited reunifications. It will also allow foreigners with work permits to get back to their jobs in the U.S.

The new policy will replace a patchwork of travel bans first instituted by President Trump last year and tightened by President Biden. Those rules restricted travel by non-citizens who have in the prior 14 days been in the United Kingdom, European Union, China, India, or several other countries.

Biden will also tighten testing rules for unvaccinated American citizens, who will need to be tested within a day before returning to the U.S., as well as after they arrive home.

UN chief warns China, US to avoid Cold War » The head of the United Nations is imploring China and the United States to repair their—quote—“completely dysfunctional” relationship to head off a new Cold War.

GUTERRES: And I think we need to overcome the dysfunctionality. I think we need to avoid, at all costs, a Cold War that would be different from the past one.

U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres heard there, speaking ahead of this week's annual United Nations gathering of world leaders.

He said a new Cold War would probably be more dangerous and more difficult to manage.

Guterres said the world's two major economic powers should be cooperating on climate and negotiating more robustly on trade and technology.

He acknowledged that several factors are complicating the relationship, including concerns about human rights, online security and territory in the South China Sea.

Two years ago, Guterres warned of the risk of the world splitting in two, with the United States and China creating rival internets, currency, trade, financial rules, and—quote—“their own zero-sum geopolitical and military strategies.”

Pfizer to seek authorization to vaccinate young children » Pfizer announced Monday that a low dosage shot for children ages 5 through 11 provides strong protection against COVID-19.

Senior Vice President, Dr. Bill Gruber said Monday…

GRUBER: We measured the ability of antibodies from children that were vaccinated to kill the virus and how well that matched up [with antibodies] from 16 to 25-year-olds, and it matched very closely.

Pfizer plans to apply for emergency use authorization from the FDA by the end of the month. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, more than 5 million children have tested positive for COVID-19 since the beginning pandemic. At the beginning of September, new pediatric infections accounted for nearly 29 percent of weekly new cases.

Pfizer studied a dosage of one-third of the adult shot in more than 2,000 elementary-age children. The study is still ongoing, but initial results showed the same number of antibodies and similar or fewer temporary side effects such as a sore arm and low-grade fever.

Moderna is also conducting a pediatric study. Both companies are testing the vaccine with children as young as 6 months old and expect to release results later this year.

Shooting at Russian university leaves 6 dead, 28 hurt » A student opened fire Monday at a university in Russia, killing at least six people and wounding dozens more. WORLD’s Anna Johansen Brown. has more.

ANNA JOHANSEN BROWN, REPORTER: Video footage showed a black-clad, helmeted figure striding on a campus sidewalk cradling a long-barreled weapon. Moments later, the suspect walked inside and opened fire.

During the attack, students and staff at Perm State University locked themselves in rooms. And Russian news sites showed footage of some students jumping out of second-story windows.

The school is in the city of Perm, about 700 miles east of Moscow.

The shooter reportedly had a permit for a pump action shotgun, though it’s not clear if that was the weapon used in the attack.

Police shot and wounded the suspect before arresting him. Russian authorities are investigating the attack.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Anna Johansen Brown.

I’m Kent Covington. Straight ahead: the push for all-electric vehicles.

Plus, capitalizing on family time.

This is The World and Everything in It.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: It’s Tuesday the 21st of September, 2021.

You’re listening to WORLD Radio and we’re so glad to have you along. Good morning, I’m Mary Reichard.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher. First up on The World and Everything in It: electric vehicles.

In August, President Biden issued an executive order that could change the way you drive. By 2030, he wants half of all new cars sold in the United States to be electric. Right now, EVs, or electric vehicles, make up just 2 percent of U.S. car sales.

REICHARD: To push car companies in that direction, Biden's Environmental Protection Agency will require car companies to roll back emissions by 10 percent in the next 18 months. And then by 5 percent every year through 2026. But that may not be the biggest challenge carmakers face trying to meet the president’s goal. 

WORLD’s Sarah Schweinsberg reports.

SARAH SCHWEINSBERG, REPORTER: Tyler Wyman worked really hard during his college years for a pest control company. So when he turned 24, he bought himself his dream vehicle: a Tesla Model-3, all wheel drive, electric vehicle.

WYMAN: I've always kind of been obsessed with, I’ve driven mostly hybrids. And, so having an electric car was exciting to me.

He loved how fast the vehicle went, the technology inside. And he loved its fuel-efficiency or it’s lack of fuel.

Now, Wyman is excited for other car companies to jump on the electric vehicle train. Audi, BMW, Buick, Cadillac, Chevy, Ford, GMC, Honda, Kia, Nissan—just to name a few—are all slated to release electric vehicle models in the next year or two.

WYMAN: I think that's really exciting. A lot of buzz that has been created lately is electric trucks. And so if there was an option where a truck did make sense, so that wasn't going to cost an arm and a leg to fill up. That's that's something that would actually get me in a truck.

As countries crack down on emissions in order to combat climate change, car companies are betting on the future being electric. Investors are also jumping on board. Wall Street and Silicon Valley dumped $28 billion dollars in electric vehicle companies last year.

Bogdan Epureanu directs the Automotive Research Center at the University of Michigan. He says pressure from the Biden administration will accelerate the move away from traditional internal combustion engines.

EPUREANU: They will unlock the innovation strength of the United States, which is a very strong advantage.

But to keep up with President Biden’s goals, the car industry will have to revolutionize what it’s manufacturing and selling in just eight years.

EPUREANU: There are also challenges. Challenges in terms of the supply chain, challenges in terms of the technologies to be developed and challenges in terms of the market acceptance.

The biggest challenge involves what makes these cars go. Today, most EVs use lithium-ion batteries.

VISWANATHAN: I'm Venkat Viswanathan, professor of Mechanical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University… I've been working on lithium- ion batteries for a little over a decade now.

Viswanathan says car companies will have to choose between battery trade-offs. So for example, if a battery has a long range, its recharge time will probably be long. But if a battery charges quickly, that means it won’t be able to go as far.

VISWANATHAN: So, one of the main distinguishing factors for electric cars is going to be the battery, which will determine the sticker price, how long it will go, and, also, how safe it will be under operation.

And then car companies will also have to decide what metals and minerals go into their batteries. Brett Smith is with the Center for Automotive Research. He says companies will need lithium, nickel, cobalt, and copper. But…

SMITH: Right now there's a very, very limited supply of those key materials in the U.S.

China, on the other hand, has some of the largest lithium reserves in the world.

SMITH: And that is a supply chain problem. That's a balance of trade problems. That is a lot of different worries as we move into this.

Then there’s the question of safety. Lithium-ion batteries have the potential to explode or catch fire.

Carnegie Mellon’s Venkat Viswanathan says in their rush to push out electric vehicle models, car companies will have to be very careful not to cut safety corners.

VISWANATHAN: I think one of the challenges faced for many of the car makers that don't have years of fleet data to learn from. And so what they have to do is rely on sort of accelerated testing, so where you stress the battery under sort of extreme conditions and hope that that sort of mimics how they will age in a real world operation more slowly. So we're trying to mimic, in a six month test, what will happen in eight years.

Besides engineering and battery questions, consumers need to consider related infrastructure concerns. The demand for charging all these vehicles will put more strain on electrical grids, says Katie Tubb. She’s an energy scholar at The Heritage Foundation.

TUBB: That needs to be planned and prepared for amongst electricity generators and public utility commissions.

Tubb also points out that there will still be environmental trade-offs to using more electricity.

TUBB: There's a lot of states that rely on natural gas and coal and nuclear for their electricity... that needs to be a consideration for you that you have to consider not just that you're driving electric vehicle. But what is behind the plug.

Disposing of car batteries, when the time comes, also has downsides for the environment.

TUBB: So in the case of batteries, recycling is very energy intensive, it yields a lot of byproducts, some of which are highly flammable. And, and it's not necessarily economic.

Tubb says when it comes to energy and vehicles, perfect solutions don’t exist. There will always be trade-offs. And she says American consumers should get to decide which trade-offs they’re comfortable with—not the government through regulations.

Tyler Wyman says after two years of owning a Tesla, he’s concluded the trade-offs might mean switching vehicles. The biggest drawback is its range. He can only drive around 250 miles before his car needs a charge, and isn’t always practical.

WYMAN: As much as I like love the car, and I definitely don't regret buying it, I definitely have recently thought about selling it and trying different options, due to the fact of just like long distance driving and stuff like that. And so I'd say pros and cons.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Sarah Schweinsberg.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: Up next: how energy policies in Washington affect your wallet.

The average cost of a gallon of regular unleaded is now just north of $3.00 in the United States.

That’s up sharply from a year ago, though demand was down last year due to the pandemic. But it’s also substantially higher than before the virus hit. On September 20th, 2019, regular unleaded was $2.66 per gallon.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Last month, national security adviser Jake Sullivan noted that—his words— “The price of crude oil has been higher than it was at the end of 2019, before the onset of the pandemic.” And he added that “Higher gasoline costs, if left unchecked, risk harming the ongoing global recovery.”

President Biden then pressed OPEC to ramp up oil production. But the United States is the number one oil producer in the world. So some are asking: is Washington doing anything to help ramp up oil supplies?

REICHARD: Well, you just heard from Katie Tubb at the Heritage Foundation a few minutes ago, and she joins us now with more insight. 

Katie, good morning!

KATIE TUBB, GUEST: Good morning! Thanks very much for having me on.

REICHARD: Well, first of all, we know that there are always a lot of factors that impact the price at the pump. So what has caused the recent surge in gas prices?

TUBB: Well, I think the immediate short answer is that there's far more involved in the price of gas than we can control, but there is a lot we can control. So kind of the main component of gas prices comes from the price of crude oil. Crude oil is a globally traded commodity. So, again, we have some control over that, but again, globally traded. So, 55 percent of the price of gasoline comes from crude oil. The next major component is from refining that crude oil into gasoline that we can use—that's about 17 percent of the price of gasoline per gallon. And then about 16 percent is state, local and federal taxes. And that varies depending on where you live in the country. So, California has very high taxes on gasoline. Texas has much lower taxes on gasoline. And then the final component is the actual distribution and marketing of gasoline, which is about 13 percent. So there's a whole mixture of local, state, federal policies mixed in with just the global market for gasoline and crude oil products.

REICHARD: As we mentioned a moment ago, the White House has voiced concern about global oil prices and called on OPEC to do more. OPEC’s the cartel of 13 oil producing countries. How is OPEC responding to market pressures? Explain their role, if you would.

TUBB: Well, they have their own self interest in this. Many of the OPEC nations draw a huge part of their revenue, their state revenue from the oil industry. And I think that's a distinct difference between the United States, which is a privately run market—a lot of many, many private companies—versus state owned entities. And so they have a very vested interest in global gasoline markets. And so they have no interest in accommodating the Biden administration. I think we've seen that historically over the decades. And so I think that's one reason why I found President Biden's remarks and Sullivan's remarks very kind of tone deaf that we have huge amounts of resources here in the United States and yet they're coming to OPEC nations more or less begging for relief. And, to me, that's an emphasis on the wrong syllable there.

REICHARD: We know that President Biden has talked a lot about reducing our dependence on oil and gas in favor of electric cars, solar power and things like that. How much of an impact have the current administration’s policies had on oil production here in the United States?

TUBB: Well, you can see a lot by their actions. The administration has basically put a regulatory focus on every segment of the oil industry, whether we're talking about the exploration and production of resources, all the way through the supply chain to the actual use. And so it's been, I think, quite negative, even though some of these policies and regulations haven't been fully implemented yet. And just as an example of that, we're seeing reverberations through the economy with prices—whether we're talking about at the pump or with resources and goods and services that require energy, which is pretty much every aspect of the economy. An example of that is food prices. So, I think what we're seeing is both a very overt direct impact on the industry through things like the Keystone pipeline or gasoline prices. But also another layer beneath that where these industries, oil and gas industries, in particular, and coal, as well I’ll mention, are having a hard time finding investors and insurance because they're finding political resistance. And that risk factor is expanding as the administration becomes more and more robustly opposed to these industries. And I think that in the long term is very harmful for the economy and very harmful for just average Americans who need energy to have healthy and warm and productive lives.

REICHARD: Does the president have a point, though, that we do need to reduce our oil consumption and our overall emissions to take care of the environment?

TUBB: You know, I think that is where we need to keep focusing the conversation, because regardless of what you think about global warming, and that is an issue, I think we need to ask the next question of, okay, are the president's policies effective? And I would say robustly, no. We've modeled this out at the Heritage Foundation that if you assume the UN's projections about warming over the next century as gospel, and then you model the effects of, say, reducing emissions in the United States by 50 to 52 percent, which is what the Biden administration is shooting for, you get a moderating of temperatures, global temperatures of 0.4 degrees Celsius by the end of the century. So again, regardless of what you think about climate as an issue, it's very evident to me that the president's policies are not effective. So, they're very expensive for basically no impact on global temperatures by the end of the century. To me, that is a failed climate policy.

REICHARD: Katie Tubb with the Heritage Foundation has been our guest. Katie, thanks so much!

TUBB: Thank you.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Taxi fleets in Thailand are giving new meaning to the term “rooftop garden.”

Some parking lots are loaded with taxi cabs still not in service due to Covid

But workers from two taxi cooperatives have decided to put the cars to good use even while they’re otherwise not in use.

They have assembled miniature cartop gardens.

They stretched black plastic bags across bamboo frames. Then they added soil on top of that and began growing produce on the roofs and hoods of the cars—including tomatoes, cucumbers and string beans.

One taxi operator explained that the cartop “vegetable garden is both an act of protest” against virus lockdowns “and a way to feed my staff during this tough time.”

It’s The World and Everything in It.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Today is Tuesday, September 21st. Thank you for turning to WORLD Radio to help start your day.

Good morning. I’m Nick Eicher.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: And I’m Mary Reichard. Coming next on The World and Everything in It: Learning To Serve!

It’s more than a catch phrase. WORLD Senior Correspondent Myrna Brown introduces us to a wife and mother who’s made it her mission to plant seeds of service.

MYRNA BROWN, REPORTER: Mandy Hudson has helped hundreds of students get into private schools across Georgia.

MANDY HUDSON: I always explain to them this is manna from heaven… and we just keep taking it as long as it keeps falling.

In 2008, the state of Georgia joined 20 other states across the country and created a tax-credit scholarship. The scholarship is funded by businesses and corporations.

MANDY HUDSON: Members of S corporations or LLC partnerships can do up to $10,000 a year and C corporations in the state of Georgia can give up to 75 percent of their tax liability.

Hudson says even ordinary folks can choose to donate to non-profit organizations called SSOs or Student Scholarship Organizations.

MANDY HUDSON: So a married couple filing a joint income tax return in Georgia could give up to $2,500 dollars to their chosen SSO.

In 2009, Hudson created her own SSO, Learning To Serve. It’s eligible to receive and distribute millions of tax-credit dollars to students currently attending K-12 public schools.

MANDY HUDSON: In the state of Georgia, in the beginning they had about $50 million in the tax credit opportunity bucket for us. The last two years we’ve seen it increase up to $150 million in Georgia.

Since starting her SSO, the wife and mother of three has awarded at least $4 million in private school scholarship money to students like Michael Rogers.

MICHAEL ROGERS: It baffled me when I was little that my friends couldn’t pray at school. We prayed in the morning before classes. We prayed before lunch. I thought it was strange that no one else could do that in public school.

But when Rogers was in first grade, his family began having financial troubles.

MICHAEL ROGERS: I know when I was a kid, my dad was forced to sell our automobile glass company and there was a little bit of a bumpy road there and we needed a little bit of help paying for school. And I know that’s when Ms. Mandy, she came in to help us.

17-year-old Rogers is now a high school senior finishing his last year at Kings Ridge Christian School in North Fulton County, Georgia.

Najma Hill lives 60 miles east, in DeKalb County, Georgia. Hill is a single mom of three. Her youngest, Bryce, has learning disabilities and was ready to drop out of school.

NAJMA HILL: My son was ready and he was just in elementary school. And he was like, I hate school. I don’t want to go. So I just had to figure out what was going to work best for him to succeed.

Hill believed a private Christian school education would be key to Bryce’s success. She had a school in mind, but on a hospital insurance specialist salary, she couldn’t afford it.

NAJMA HILL: At the time probably made 30-something-odd thousand dollars a year.

Once Hill found Learning To Serve, Bryce started receiving scholarships and transitioned into his new school environment. Hill says the changes were immediate.

NAJMA HILL: I feel like he learned more about God, he understood the Bible. He would come home and talk about what was in the Bible and he would associate it or make it to where he understood it to apply in his daily life.

Out of the 28 SSOs in Georgia, Hudson says hers is the only organization that requires students to earn their scholarships by giving back. It’s a lesson she learned 30 years ago.

MANDY HUDSON: So, it was my senior year in high school and I had an opportunity to go on a government studies trip to D.C.

Hudson says her family couldn’t afford to pay for the Washington D.C. field trip. That’s when a neighbor stepped in.

MANDY HUDSON: And he certainly could have funded it right then and there but he said I would like for you to do something for your community in order for me to help you. And so he rewarded me for my hours of service for the Kiwanis club selling Christmas trees… wherever I could find volunteer time. It just stuck with me for the rest of my life.

She’s been planting seeds of service ever since.

MANDY HUDSON: We have some that mow lawns in their neighborhood. First and second graders that are volunteering to go and sit or sing in nursing homes. We have mission trips all over the world that children are participating in. We have some that volunteer on farms.

AUDIO: [FARM SOUNDS/ROOSTER CROWS]

MICHAEL ROGERS TO SCOUT THE DWARF HORSE: No Scout! Not time to eat. You have been eating literally all morning.

Every Tuesday after school Michael Rogers volunteers at Save the Horses, a 22-acre-horse rescue farm in his community. He’s been feeding, brushing and taking long walks with Scout since 2nd grade.

MICHAEL ROGERS: This experience will always be the spot in my life where I began to love to help people. It started my career in service.

Najma Hill says her son Bryce has learned to serve at their church.

NAJMA HILL: He started helping with cleaning the sanctuary, the bathrooms and helped with the landscaping of the church. It was the best decision I could have made for him.

Mandy Hudson says she's working to make sure more parents have the opportunity to choose the school that will allow their children to become the best they can be both in and out of the classroom.

MANDY HUDSON: We only have them for a short period of time during the day. They spend two-thirds of their life with the people they’re in school with, so you want to make sure those people are investing in your children the way you would if you had them at home with you.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Myrna Brown in Eatonton, Georgia.

Myrna produced a companion piece for WORLD Watch, our video news program for students. We’ll post a link to that story in today’s transcript.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: Today is Tuesday, September 21st. Good morning! This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Mary Reichard

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher. You can learn a lot down at the ol’ fishin’ hole. Including lessons of the faith, as WORLD commentator Whitney Williams says.

WHITNEY WILLIAMS, COMMENTATOR: To be or not to be in sports—that is the question that often plagues this minivan drivin’ mama.

Whether ‘tis nobler for our family of five to commune together at the dinner table each evening or to suffer the slings and arrows of full-calendar chaos…

OK. I’m no Shakespeare. But seriously—my eldest turned 8 in August and he’s yet to be on a sports team. It seems we’re the only ones NOT in something. Of course, I’d allow him to if he asked. But, he hasn’t. “Should I sign him up for a team or some sort of lesson?” I wonder, as I watch his friends rushing off to practice. “Is he missing out?”

SOUND: [Kids voices, wind]

“Girl, before that kid could say goo goo gah gah y’all had his footed-pajama self loaded up in a fishin’ boat,” my inner Northeast Texan reminds me. “He ain’t missin’ out!” I remember that first trip well—we even brought his exersaucer on the boat! He’s been fishing ever since thanks to a dad slash coach who is passionate about the sport and loves sharing it with his family.

[MIX: Good throw, man!]

Come wind, rain, and sleet, come one-o-three degree heat, Coach Williams often has his team out the door and heading to the lake by 3:30 a.m. Lessons include how to throw a cast net, baiting one’s own hook, identifying different species of fish, and talkin’ the talk: “Doin’ any good?!” my kids have learned to inquire of nearby fishermen. All three have mastered the spinning reel—no push buttons on this boat—and our eldest displays several tournament-winning trophies on his dresser.

KAYAKING: [Splash, sound of oars, kids voices]

He actually felt slightly embarrassed by how well he did at the most recent kid fishing tournament. Most fish, biggest fish, most catfish, most bass, most unusual catch (a yellow bullhead). “Perhaps we’ll throttle back a little next year,” Coach Williams said, smiling, as he patted his son on the back.

COLT: He pulled me.
MIX: That fish pulled you, you mean?
COLT: Yeah.
MIX: Here, you want another worm?
COLT: I caught a perch, Gigi! Over by the dock

My favorite part of that day was sitting on the bank in the shade watching my first-born kayak around the small lake on his own with his rod and reel. He suddenly looked so grown-up to me, casting his line patiently toward downed trees and decrepit docks, dealing with his own hooks, hang-ups, and deep thoughts. Pride and anticipation swelled in me and Coach Williams as we saw him quickly pull up on his rod to set the hook. A nice-sized bass jumped dramatically into the air near my son’s kayak as he continued to reel wide-eyed and vigorously. I could see his smile from across the lake and could sense his excitement and pride as he got the fish into the boat and began paddling back to us. Things were different now, I thought, as I watched him. Fishing was no longer just a passion of his daddy’s for which he tagged along. It was personal now.

“And may it be the same with his faith, Lord,” I prayed, as I rejoiced with my son, wrote down his fish’s measurements, and took at least 10 photos of him not missing out.

I’m Whitney Williams.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Tomorrow: raising taxes. The Democrats have big plans to help pay for their big spending. We’ll talk about who’s going to foot the bill.

And, we’ll catch up with some Afghan immigrants settling into new lives in California.

That and more tomorrow.

I’m Nick Eicher.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: And I’m Mary Reichard.

The World and Everything in It comes to you from WORLD Radio.

WORLD’s mission is biblically objective journalism that informs, educates, and inspires.

Reminder for those living in the Twin Cities area—Minneapolis/St. Paul—The World and Everything in It Live. We’ll be recording the program live on September 30th and we’d love for you to be there. We’ll place a link in today’s program transcript so you can sign up or from our podcast page, click on live events and you’ll find it.

The Bible says the Lord sees not as man sees: man looks on the outward appearance, but the Lord looks on the heart.

Go now in grace and peace.

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