The World and Everything in It: May 4, 2023
Blue states identify as refuge for trans kids in challenge to parental rights; Disney and DeSantis government are locked in a battle for control in Orlando; and Justice Alito speaks up about the Dobbs leaker. Plus: bringing the gospel to Churchill Downs ahead of the Kentucky Derby, commentary from Cal Thomas, and the Thursday morning news
PREROLL: The World and Everything in It is made possible by listeners like me. Hi! My name is Joseph McCoy, and I’m a 2016 World Journalism mid-career institute graduate working as a psychologist here in the McCallin-Edinburg, Texas, area serving the Rio Grande Valley. I hope you enjoy today’s program.
MARY REICHARD, HOST: Good morning! Minnesota now identifies as a “Trans Refuge” state. What does this mean for vulnerable children?
SARAH PERRY: A minor from any other state who is seeking any gender confirming medical treatment can flee to the state of Minnesota.
MYRNA BROWN, HOST: Also Disney v DeSantis. We’ll bring you the latest. Plus Justice Samuel Alito says he thinks he knows who leaked the Dobbs opinion. And ministry behind the scenes at Churchill Downs.
DEL ROSARIO: These people care for the horses and God loves them. They’re made in his image. They’re worthy of dignity and respect.
And World commentator Cal Thomas weighs in on America’s debt crisis.
REICHARD: It’s Thursday, May 4th. This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Mary Reichard.
BROWN: And I’m Myrna Brown. Good morning!
REICHARD: Now the news with Kent Covington.
KENT COVINGTON, NEWS ANCHOR: Border » Border towns are bracing for a flood of tens of thousands of migrants with the Title 42 rule set to end one week from today.
El Paso, Texas Mayor Oscar Leeser says he’s declaring a state of emergency to marshal resources.
OSCAR LEESER: To keep the people off the street and help them to find temporary shelter. And this is not for permanent sheltering, and that’s one of the things we’ve been working towards.
The pandemic-era Title 42 rule has made it easier to quickly expel migrants who cross the border without permission.
Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton said the expected surge is on top of already record-shattering numbers in recent months.
KEN PAXTON: We’ve seen the numbers go up over 300%, and with Title 42 going away, they’re expecting those numbers to potentially double from that.
White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre told reporters that the U.S. is ramping up cooperation with Mexico to try and curb the surge:
KARINE JEAN-PIERRE: We announce additional joint actions with Mexico, including participation in regional processing centers. And so, we’re using all the tools available to us.
Under the agreement, Mexico will continue to accept migrants from several other countries who are turned away at the border. And others may be eligible to live and work in Mexico.
Kremlin drones » Ukraine says it had nothing to do with a reported attack on the Kremlin.
Russia claimed it foiled an attack by Ukrainian drones on the Kremlin Wednesday, calling it an unsuccessful assassination attempt against Vladimir Putin.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy responded:
VOLODYMYR ZELENSKYY: We don’t attack Putin or Moscow. We fight on our territory. We are defending our villages and cities.
Moscow promised retaliation for what it called a “terrorist” act.
Some question whether this was a “false flag” incident orchestrated by the Kremlin itself as a pretext to escalate the war. White House reporters put that question to Karine Jean-Pierre:
JEAN-PIERRE: Obviously, Russia, has a history of doing things like this. But again, I don’t want to speculate.
There was no independent verification of the purported attack, which Russian authorities claimed occurred overnight.
Debt ceiling » On Capitol Hill, still no deal to raise the debt ceiling.
Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer:
CHUCK SCHUMER: Pass a clean bipartisan bill to avert default.
“Clean” as in, no spending cuts attached.
Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen warns that Washington may have less than a month to strike a deal and avoid defaulting on U.S. debts.
Republican Senator Mike Lee said House Republicans last week passed what he called “a really good compromise”
MIKE LEE: To increase the debt ceiling, and at the same time reduce federal spending by $5 trillion dollars over the next decade.
Schumer blasted that bill, calling it “extreme.”
But he also quietly used a special rule this week to place that very bill on the Senate calendar. That would allow it to bypass committees and head straight to the Senate floor for a vote.
The Fed » The Federal Reserve is signaling that it might pause its streak of interest rate hikes after raising its key interest rate by a quarter of a percentage point on Wednesday.
Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell:
JEROME POWELL: We are seeing the effects of our policy tightening on demand in the most interest rate sensitive sectors of the economy, particularly housing and investment.
But he said it will take time to bring inflation under control.
The decision follows the collapse of three U.S. banks in the last two months.
Texas Shooter » Authorities have arrested the man accused of fatally shooting five of his neighbors near Houston.
The four-day manhunt for Francisco Oropeza ended Tuesday night. Officers found him hiding under a pile of laundry in a house about 20 miles from the crime scene.
San Jacinto County Sheriff Greg Capers:
GREG CAPERS: He is behind bars, and he will live out his life behind bars for killing those five.
Authorities charged the man with five counts of murder and are holding him on a five million dollar bond.
His wife was also arrested. She has been charged with helping him evade arrest.
Serbia school shooting » In Serbia, a 13-year-old student opened fire at his school, killing nine people. WORLD’s Josh Schumacher reports.
JOSH SCHUMACHER: Authorities say the seventh grader meticulously planned the attack in Serbia’s capital of Belgrade. He drew sketches of classrooms and made a list of children he intended to target.
The shooter killed a school guard and then three students in a hallway. He then entered a classroom and opened fire again, killing five more students.
The assailant called police himself after the shooting and was arrested at the scene.
Mass shootings are extremely rare in the Balkan region, even though Serbia is awash in guns left over from the wars of the 1990s.
For WORLD, I’m Josh Schumacher.
I'm Kent Covington.
Straight ahead: States draw battle lines over transgender procedures for children. Plus, bringing gospel hope to the Kentucky Derby.
This is The World and Everything in It.
MYRNA BROWN, HOST: It’s Thursday, the 4th of May, 2023. Glad to have you along for today’s edition of The World and Everything in It. Good morning, I’m Myrna Brown.
MARY REICHARD, HOST: And I’m Mary Reichard. First up, gender identity and parental rights. Last week, two states passed so-called “trans refuge” laws.
TIM WALZ: Minnesota says, ‘welcome to a state that values who you are and protects you for who you are.’
Minnesota Governor Tim Walz heard there on Thursday. Walz said, “It’s a good day for freedoms” after signing this bill, along with two others codifying abortion rights and banning so-called conversion therapy.
BROWN: Meanwhile, in the state of Washington, Governor Jay Inslee signed a similar set of laws.
JAY INSLEE: Other states may take and are taking draconian steps that attempt to punish people who are providing aid to people receiving abortions and gender affirming care. But we will not stand for that in Washington State.
Context matters:
Back in April, Idaho passed a law making it a felony to give puberty blockers or transgender surgeries to minors.
In response, Minnesota’s law refuses to comply with any arrest warrants or subpoenas other states might issue to track down families pursuing transgender procedures. This even though the Idaho law doesn’t extradite families seeking gender transition in other states.
REICHARD: There’s more. The Minnesota law changed the rules for when the state can take emergency custody of a child. In addition to abuse and abandonment, a child’s failure to obtain quote “gender-affirming” treatment is now grounds for removal from the home.
For these reasons, some say that lawmakers in Washington and Minnesota are sprinting into dangerous territory.
Sarah Parshall Perry is a Senior Legal Fellow at the Heritage Foundation.
SARAH PERRY: Minnesota has now like Washington State considered itself with the passage of this law to be a trans refuge state. And that means that a minor from any other state who is seeking any gender confirming medical treatment can flee to the state of Minnesota. And Minnesota is under no legal obligation to have to report the whereabouts of that minor child, to the custodial parents that actually prevents out of state laws from interfering in the practice of gender affirming health care.
BROWN: Supporters of these bills say they are defending the rights of children to be who they are. But the reality is that these laws radically alter the relationship between children and the state.
PERRY: It really does fast track the sort of provision of this transgender medical intervention to individuals who are not even of age of consent yet. The law in other respects, it considers that minor children, those under the age of 18 cannot, for example, enter into binding contracts. My daughter, who is 16, just got her ears pierced. I had to be present, I had to sign a form while she was getting her ears pierced. But the sort of push for generalized recognition of and affirmative approval for gender intervention is really now happening at a terrifying pace.
Perry goes on to say life-altering surgery or hormone treatments aren’t the only options for dealing with gender dysphoria. The majority of children with a gender identity disorder eventually find peace with their biological sex if given the chance to wait and see rather than take medical action.
REICHARD: Like abortion and same-sex marriage, transgender procedure laws are dividing states across the country. That means the federal courts will likely get involved. Regardless of the outcome, true refuge likely won’t be found at the state level, but much closer to home.
MYRNA BROWN, HOST: Up next: the empire strikes back in Florida.
Disney last week sued Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis, accusing him of weaponizing government power against Disney.
The company said the governor was retaliating against it for publicly opposing a parental rights law after pressure from LGBT groups.
MARY REICHARD, HOST: The governor and GOP lawmakers then replaced a Disney-appointed board that supervised theme park development with a state-appointed oversight board.
At the 11th hour, the Disney-controlled board signed an agreement granting the company almost-complete control for decades to come rendering the incoming overseers powerless.
The new board called the agreement illegal self-dealing and voided the contract.
Disney filed its lawsuit minutes later, and on Monday, the oversight board countersued in state court.
BROWN: What’s behind this ongoing conflict? In some ways, it really comes down to control.
Dr. Rick Foglesong is Professor Emeritus at Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida. He says Disney’s relationship with Florida is similar to Vatican City in Italy … a state within a state.
RICK FOGLESONG: The Disney company didn't like having to depend upon the City of Anaheim to provide public services at DisneyLand. So when they came here to Florida, they wanted a different type arrangement. And because Florida was so desirous of having Disney, they were willing to give the Disney company essentially, anything that they wanted. And one of those things was the right to regulate itself, but also the right to provide public services, streets, roads, things of that nature.
Disney is not the only organization that Florida has granted special self-governing powers, but it is certainly the most powerful. Back in 2001, Dr. Foglesong wrote a book about the relationship between Disney and Orlando called Married to the Mouse.
FOGLESONG: And in that book, I talked about special privileges that Disney has and suggested that they were unfair, and that they ought to be reconsidered. That never happened. No elected official in the state of Florida ever picked up on the analysis from my book saying that Disney had privileges not enjoyed by other amusement parks, until now, when Governor DeSantis took after the Disney company. And that was only when the Disney company challenged the parental rights and education bill adopted by the Florida Legislature, which took away from public schools, the ability to teach on the topic of sexuality and gender identity.
REICHARD: So what’s at the core of this conflict? A company’s free speech, or government oversight and accountability? World’s Legal reporter Steve West says it’s a mix of both.
STEVE WEST: Governor DeSantis has certainly made statements that indicate that this was prompted by Disney's entering the fray over the parental rights in education bill. And yet while there are other special districts around the state set up by the legislature, Disney's situation, you know, the size of this district and its degree of control over it is really unrivaled. So while the company's political activism may have prompted action, there are legitimate concerns over investing a company with the power that Disney has.
For now, the timeline for these lawsuits getting through the federal and state courts isn’t known. But Steve West says that the same interests that led Disney and Florida to make the original deal back in 1967 will likely prevail.
WEST: I really think there's a good possibility that some kind of resolution will be reached, Governor DeSantis likely feels that there's no big downside to this for him politically, Disney's not going anywhere. It has a massive investment in the Orlando area. What they're looking for is control so they can have some certainty as they make substantial investments in that area. They likely will have less control in the future. Both the governor and Disney have good reasons to ultimately work this out. Disney pays a lot of taxes and employs a lot of people as I believe that the state's largest employer, so there's a lot of reasons to work this out.
But the larger issue is whether Disney knows its audience well enough. It needs to hear from shareholders concerned about its foray into progressive gender ideology and its films and on controversial political issues like this one. So for corporations, the bottom line is the bottom line.
MARY REICHARD, HOST: Up next: A Supreme Court justice speaks out.
The Wall Street Journal last week published highlights of an interview with Justice Samuel Alito. His comments made news because Justice Alito said he thinks he knows who leaked the Dobbs draft opinion last year.
The investigation conducted by the court marshal did not turn up the leaker’s identity. The report said a preponderance of evidence standard wasn’t met in order to do so.
MYRNA BROWN, HOST: In the months since the leak, conservative justices have been targeted for assassination. Democrats have attacked the legitimacy of the court. Media reports use innuendo to accuse conservative justices of unethical behavior.
Here to talk about it is Erin Hawley. She is senior counsel at Alliance Defending Freedom, a law professor at Regent University School of Law, and a contributor to WORLD opinions. She is a former Supreme Court law clerk to Chief Justice John Roberts.
REICHARD: Erin, good morning.
ERIN HAWLEY: Good morning. Thanks so much for having me.
REICHARD: Erin, why do you think Justice Alito is talking about this now?
HAWLEY: So, I think a couple of reasons. I think the primary one is that the justices are still facing threats. Just this week, there was a Senate hearing talking about ethics. And that had been spurred, I think, in no short measure, by this idea that the Democratic led Senate Judiciary Committee is really seeking to bring the Supreme Court justices to heel and to prevent them from continuing to issue decisions with which they disagree. So I really think that is why Justice Alito went on record here, just to say that, you know, the justices are not unaware of this political pressure, and yet they continue to do their jobs to interpret the Constitution and the statutes that are passed by Congress.
REICHARD: Some may wonder why he doesn’t just say who he thinks the culprit is?
HAWLEY: That's a good question. And I suspect it's because as a judge, he is in fact committed to the rule of law. But without the requisite level of proof he's not going to cast aspersions. I think this contrasts with the rhetoric that's thrown around against the justices. And really is a lesson even though that Justice Alito thinks he knows he is willing to wait, hopefully, for that evidence to someday come forward.
REICHARD: The media seems to have dropped this story. Could Justice Alito be trying to keep the matter alive and if so for what reasons?
HAWLEY: So, Justice Alito describes in detail the fear and physical danger that he and his colleagues were put in because of this leak. He also talks about the political intimidation currently occurring, really, the justices are under assault from from all quarters. And it's this idea that the leaked opinion matters, and that political pressure matters. And the justices are committed to doing their jobs and interpreting the law consistent with the law and not what elected officials or Senator Schumer might wish.
REICHARD: To clarify, the justices of the Supreme Court already abide by ethics rules, correct? Same as all judges do in lower courts?
HAWLEY: So, that's correct. So it's an interesting wrinkle, because the judiciary is by design an independent branch. So I personally think that if Congress were to declare an ethics code, that is something that might be constitutionally problematic, at least if it were directed to influence an outcome, as seems to be the sort of the case here, it's definitely to put pressure on these justices. And that pressure is absolutely unconstitutional. The Constitution designates the Article III branch, the judiciary, to be independent in order to protect our own liberties. The federal judges do have a code of conduct, and the Supreme Court justices voluntarily comply with their own sort of ethical guidelines.
REICHARD: It seems the Democrats intent on changing the Supreme Court are playing a long game here. What is that long game?
HAWLEY: You know, I hate to say this, but I really think it's changing the decisions of the Supreme Court. If you look at what has happened, just since President Trump appointed three justices who profess to be originalist, that means they're going to stick to the words of the Constitution. That means they're not going to update statutes with their own personal preferences. And since that time period, we have had legislation seeking to pack the court, with one, with more bodies, presumably those that will agree with the Democrats pushing this agenda. We've had repeated threats against justices after the Dobbs decision was leaked. And one really astounding fact is that even though there have been nearly continual protests at justices homes, the Biden administration has done nothing, even though this flagrantly violates federal law.
REICHARD: What else should our listeners understand about this entire situation?
HAWLEY: You know, one thing that struck me from reading Justice Alito's remarks as published by the Journal, is just the fact that he says that he still fears for his physical safety. Justice Alito is not a shrinking violet. He is not someone who would be inordinately scared of something. And yet he tells us that he has to be driven around in what amounts to an armored car, and that he cannot go out on his own without police escorts. That's something that should not happen in America. It's something that should not be allowed. We need to protect the justices and we especially need to protect the integrity and separation of powers with the Supreme Court.
REICHARD: Erin Hawley is an attorney and former Supreme Court law clerk. Erin, thank you!
HAWLEY: Thanks for having me.
REICHARD, HOST: Today is Thursday, May 4th. Thank you for turning to WORLD Radio to help start your day. Good morning. I’m Mary Reichard.
MYRNA BROWN, HOST: And I’m Myrna Brown. Coming next onThe World and Everything in It: running the race.
With the Kentucky Derby just days away, a chaplain and his staff are serving on a unique mission field: the kind with horses, jockeys and finish lines. WORLD Associate Correspondent Travis Kircher has our story.
JOSEPH DEL ROSARIO: Good morning, horsemen. This is Chaplain Joseph, and may the peace of The Lord be with you this morning.
TRAVIS KIRCHER, REPORTER: It’s 8:45 a.m. at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky, and Chaplain Joseph Del Rosario is sharing his morning devotion over the racetrack intercom.
DEL ROSARIO: But take heart. Have courage. I have overcome the world.
After finishing his address in English, he repeats it in Spanish.
AUDIO: [Spanish version of devotional]
Six mornings a week, his voice echoes from loudspeakers across the racetrack for all to hear. And as Churchill Downs gets busier ahead of the Kentucky Derby, his audience is growing.
SOUND: [water running and chatter]
The sun has risen and grooms are busy washing the horses, as exercise riders put the Thoroughbreds through their paces—racing them around the track.
SOUND: [Horse coming around the track]
Del Rosario is busy too. Soon he’s back at his morning rounds, greeting the barn staff – the grooms, jockeys, and hot walkers. During his walk, he runs into an exercise rider he recognizes.
JOSE: How are you?
WORKER: Long time, no see, man!
JOSE: Good to see you!
WORKER: Everything going good and, you know, God is with us!
JOSE: Amen! Hallelujah!
For Del Rosario, this isn’t aimless socializing. He’s on a mission – planting seeds. He calls it, “the ministry of presence.”
DEL ROSARIO: Getting to know them, building trust, and letting them know that there’s someone here that, if they need to talk, will listen and will care for them.
If mornings are when he plants seeds, you might say Monday nights are when the Holy Spirit helps those seeds to take root.
SOUND: [Crowd talking English and Spanish at dinner]
That’s when barn staff and volunteers pile into Christ Chapel—a church located at the back of Churchill Downs. Every week, there’s a dinner at the chapel, as well as two services: one in English and one in Spanish.
Del Rosario says behind the smiles are a lot of hurting people. Many are poor and work difficult jobs seven days a week. All of them are in need of an authentic relationship with Jesus Christ.
DEL ROSARIO: One of the common things that we face is loneliness because a lot of them do come from other countries. And that becomes a root issue towards many bad symptoms: Alcoholism, drug use and a number of other destructive behaviors.
Del Rosario isn’t the only one who ministers to them. Jemima Davila is the women’s ministry director. She’s heard some of the tragic stories from congregants firsthand. She tears up as she recalls a barn worker she found weeping over a child she left behind in Mexico.
JEMIMA DAVILA: And she said, ‘Well, he’s dying, and I just need to confess that I have other three kids that I abandon back home.’ That was just really big for me because, in my head it’s like, ‘Well, why you don’t come back with your family then?’ And they’re like, ‘It’s nothing I can do if I come back. All of us are gonna die with hungry because I just don’t have job over there.’ So it’s difficult.
The children who live on or near Churchill Downs also have needs.
SOUND: [Children eating]
Here’s children’s ministry director Erica Williamson.
ERICA WILLIAMSON: I’ve had kids come in and they’ll be like, ‘Why are there books everywhere?’ And I’ll say, ‘Have you heard of a Bible? A Biblia?’ And they’ll say, ‘No, I never have heard of that!’ And so a lot of them just come with zero knowledge of God.
AUDIO: [Service in Spanish]
As Del Rosario preaches from the Gospel of John, many in his congregation are learning the truth about Jesus for the first time. Retired Hall of Fame jockey Pat Day is a Christian leader at the track. He says pointing people to Jesus is what the chaplaincy program is all about.
PAT DAY: The chaplain is there to meet some of their physical – some of their material – needs, but ultimately we want to see them come to the knowledge of the saving grace of Jesus Christ. The Word of God is pretty clear: ‘What does it profit a man to gain the whole world and lose your own soul?'
Elizandro Perez works as a groom at the racetrack. He says he is seeking Christ for change in his life. Del Rosario interprets for Perez.
AUDIO: [Spanish speaking]
DEL ROSARIO: From the depth of my heart, I want to follow God’s Word. Get rid of the vices – the addiction – and follow God, be all-in for God, and I pray that God would take all of that gross stuff – sin – out of me. I ask God for that.
MUSIC: [‘How Great is our God’ in Spanish]
And the Lord is moving. Remember those kids who’d never seen a Bible? Erica Williamson says they’ve spent the past two years going through God’s Word book-by-book. They’re in Daniel now. And Jemima Davila has started a daily Bible study for the women.
DAVILA: And that is just so interesting because I can see in their eyes how they became alive because they are reading the Bible. And it’s so impressive! I never in my whole life have seen that!
And Del Rosario? He’s reminding his congregation that life is a race that must be run with endurance. He’s not just talking about the racetrack outside.
DEL ROSARIO: If your horse jumps over the railing and starts running elsewhere, that horse is done in the race. And it’s the same for us in life: If we don’t look to Jesus and run to Him, we’re not winning anything.
So on May 6th – Derby Day – when many are singing “My Old Kentucky Home,” some of the workers at Churchill Downs will have another song in their hearts: Cuán grande es Dios. How great is our God.
DEL ROSARIO: These people care for the horses and God loves them. They’re made in his image. They’re worthy of dignity and respect.
Reporting for WORLD, I’m Travis Kircher, at Churchill Downs, in Louisville, Kentucky.
MUSIC: [‘How Great is our God’ in Spanish]
MYRNA BROWN, HOST: Today is Thursday, May 4th. Good morning! This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Myrna Brown.
MARY REICHARD, HOST: And I’m Mary Reichard. Up next: World commentator Cal Thomas on America’s debt crisis. In recent days, House Republicans have offered a substantive solution, but will anyone listen?
CAL THOMAS: The very term “debt limit” makes a mockery of any kind of responsible budgeting. Each time the government reaches the “limit,” it gets raised with the familiar scenarios that include threats of a government shutdown and the claim that the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. is at stake. We have faith and credit? Who knew?
Republicans usually cave, or in the case of a shutdown, succumb to media pressure and allow the spending to grow, along with trillions in interest on our $31.7 trillion debt.
But maybe they won’t cave this time. House Republicans have passed a bill that could put Senate Democrats and President Biden on the defensive. Yes, it would raise the debt limit, though only for one year, but it also would do something unheard of in Washington in recent years and that is reduce spending.
The proposed cuts are a fraction of the overall debt – just $4.8 trillion – but just as a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step, breaking an addiction to constant spending increases and more debt begins with a step in the opposite direction.
Democrats appear interested in focusing solely on the debt ceiling, not the need for spending cuts. Neither do they appear interested in negotiations with Republicans. What happened to President Biden’s promise to “lower the temperature” in Washington and restore bipartisanship? Maybe he forgot as he failed to recall his recent trip to Ireland when asked by a child, “What was the last country you traveled to?” Another child had to remind him.
Clearly not interested in the House bill, Connecticut’s Democratic Senator Richard Blumenthal said, “I think we need to focus on the debt ceiling. There’s an urgency here that absolutely requires immediate attention.” Blumenthal did seem to leave the door slightly open to a deal when he added, “I think the president should sit down with Kevin McCarthy to talk about the debt ceiling and then, at some later point, talk about the budget.”
That sounds to me like bait and switch. It is reminiscent of the “deal” made between Democratic Speaker of the House Jim Wright with Republican President George H.W. Bush. Wright said he would agree to spending cuts if Bush would first agree to a tax increase. Wright got his tax hike, but Bush never got his spending cuts and the concession doomed Bush’s re-election.
Maybe this time things will be different if Republicans can get their message about the danger of massive debt through to the public in time to overcome the Democrats’ predictable scenario of a government shutdown. If a corporation engaged in what Democrats are doing it would be called extortion. The last Democrat to behave responsibly on the economy was Bill Clinton. According to the Congressional Budget Office, Clinton had “budget surpluses for fiscal years 1998-2001, the only such years from 1970 to 2023. Clinton’s final four budgets were balanced budgets with surpluses, beginning with the 1997 budget.” Plus, the ratio of national debt to GDP, or Gross Domestic Product, improved from 47.8% in 1993 to 33.6% in 2000.
It’s enough to make one nostalgic for those good old economic days.
I’m Cal Thomas.
MARY REICHARD, HOST: Tomorrow: Katy McCoy returns for Culture Friday.
And, back into the Marvel Cinematic Universe with a review of Guardians of the Galaxy 3.
That and more tomorrow. I’m Mary Reichard.
MYRNA BROWN, HOST: And I’m Myrna Brown.
The World and Everything in It comes to you from WORLD Radio. WORLD’s mission is biblically objective journalism that informs, educates, and inspires.
The Bible says: Blessed be the name of the Lord from this time forth and forevermore! From the rising of the sun to its setting, the name of the Lord is to be praised! Psalm 113, verses 2 and 3.
Go now in grace and peace.
WORLD Radio transcripts are created on a rush deadline. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of WORLD Radio programming is the audio record.
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