The World and Everything in It: December 20, 2022

MARY REICHARD, HOST: Good morning!

Some American universities now have policies to protect students held back by the caste system of India.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Also today a pregnancy care center in Washington continues to have to cope with violent pro-abortion activists.

Plus a small town dealing with big corruption.

And the writing of a Chinese house leader imprisoned in China.

REICHARD: It’s Tuesday, December 20th. This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Mary Reichard.

EICHER: And I’m Nick Eicher. Good morning!

REICHARD: Time for news. Here’s Kent Covington.

KENT COVINGTON, NEWS ANCHOR: Jan 6 committee » THOMPSON: (gavel) The select committee to investigate the Jan. 6 attack on the United States Capitol will be in order.

The House Jan. 6 in one final public hearing on Monday urged the Justice Department to bring criminal charges against former President Donald Trump.

The panel is recommending four charges. They are: Obstruction, conspiracy to defraud the United States, conspiracy to make false statements, and aiding in insurrection.

Chairman Democratic Congressman Bennie Thompson:

THOMPSON: Evidence we’ve gathered points to further action beyond the power of this committee or the Congress.

But Trump’s former Vice President Mike Pence was not convinced.

PENCE: The president’s words and actions on January 6th were reckless. But I don’t know that it’s criminal to take bad advice from lawyers.

Many Republicans charge that the entire committee was a farce. They note that Speaker Nancy Pelosi handpicked its members. And they say the proceedings were essentially a trial with only prosecution and no defense.

Putin / Ukraine » Cameras flashed in Belarus on Monday as Vladimir Putin spoke to reporters after meeting with Belarusian strongman Alexander Lukashenko—a staunch Russian ally.

Putin said they agreed to increase military cooperation.

PUTIN: [Russian]

He also said the countries would continue to—quote—“carry out mutual deliveries of needed weapons.”

Meantime, in Ukraine, dozens of explosive drones attacked the capital before dawn. Ukraine's forces were able to shoot down most, but not all of them. The latest drone attack caused outages in 11 regions.

ZELENKSYY: [Ukrainian]

President Volodymyr Zelenskyy again urged the West to rush more air defenses to Ukraine.

ZELENKSYY: [Ukrainian]

The attack came three days after what Ukrainian officials described as one of Russia's biggest assaults on Kyiv.

Russia-China joint drills » Russian warships are taking part in joint naval drills with China this week, showcasing growing military ties in recent years.

State Department spokesman Ned Price said the drills were scheduled long in advance. But in light of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the People’s Republic of China should have called off the exercise.

PRICE: We certainly hope the PRC uses its influence to help bring about an end to this brutal war. But steps like this, those are not helpful.

China has pointedly refused to criticize Moscow’s actions, blaming the U.S. and NATO for provoking the Kremlin.

Turbulent flight injuries » Nearly a dozen airline passengers are recovering in a hospital this morning after a trip to a tropical paradise turned into a terrifying flight.

AUDIO: Ladies and gentlemen, attention on board, do we have any trained medical personnel? Do we have any doctors, nurses? …

Hawaiian Airlines Flight 35 was traveling from Phoenix to Honolulu when the plane hit a pocket of unstable air and dipped suddenly, throwing some passengers out of their seats.

Tiffany Reyes said she hit her head on the ceiling.

REYES: I didn’t even know what actually happened to myself. I ended up on the floor. And I looked up and the ceiling was broken, so I asked everyone around me, ‘was that me?’

The airline called it an unusual turbulence event. Eleven people were seriously injured.

The fasten seatbelt sign was turned on at the time, but some of the injured were not buckled in.

Takata airbag death » A faulty Takata airbag inflator has killed another driver. And the parent company of Dodge and Chryser is urging people to stop driving certain models. WORLD’s Kristen Flavin has more.

KRISTEN FLAVIN, REPORTER: Automaker Stellantis and U.S. safety regulators are imploring the owners of nearly 300,000 vehicles to have faulty Takata airbag inflators replaced.

And in the meantime, they say stop driving Dodge Magnum wagons, Dodge Challenger and Charger muscle cars and Chrysler 300 sedans from model years 2005 through 2010.

Stellantis announced two airbag-related deaths in November.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Kristen Flavin.

Gas prices » Good news for holiday travelers, gas prices continue to fall.

Fuel price analyst Trilby Lundberg says the national average has dropped 28 cents per gallon over the past two weeks to $3.27.

And she says things may get better before they get worse.

LUNDBERG: We certainly may see further drops. They may not be as a dramatic as we’ve just seen. A bit longer term, though, we can probably expect higher oil prices.

And that will mean higher gas prices once again. But right now, AAA says the national average down 54 cents over the past month.

I’m Kent Covington. Straight ahead: legal protections against discrimination in higher education.

Plus, corruption in a small town.

This is The World and Everything in It.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: It’s Tuesday the 20th of December, 2022.

Thanks for joining us for today’s edition of The World and Everything in It. Good morning, I’m Mary Reichard.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher. First up, discrimination on campus.

Federal law prohibits colleges and universities from discriminating against anyone due to race or ethnicity. In 1964, Congress amended the Civil Rights Act to ban sex discrimination.

REICHARD: Universities across the country acknowledge these protections in their nondiscrimination policies. But now some American schools are adding another protected class: caste, referring to the caste system of India.

WORLD’s Lauren Dunn reports.

YENGDE: There are various ways people will point it out to you. If you belong to a certain caste, they might not say it, but…they might not really engage with you.

LAUREN DUNN, REPORTER: Suraj Yengde grew up in India. He attended college in Mumbai, then studied for his master’s and doctorate degrees in England, South Africa, and finally, at Harvard. He was surprised to find that even in America, caste mattered to some of his fellow Indian students.

YENGDE: They might really look past you, they might not even recognize your potential…

In India, the caste system goes back thousands of years. Historically, an Indian’s caste determined his or her life’s work. People born into dominant, or higher, castes were often priests or warriors. People born into the lowest or most oppressed castes often did menial labor such as cleaning sewers.

Yengde was born into a family in the Dalit caste. The Dalit caste is so looked down upon that it is considered to be outside the caste system—in a sense, lower than the lowest caste. Dalits are sometimes called the untouchables.

Today, Yengde is a senior fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. Students from India make up roughly 5 percent of the Kennedy School’s student body.

YENGDE: At Harvard, I hosted a conference, I was hosting a panel. And I organized the lectures, the guests and all of them. And when the time of credit came, nobody, nobody even had mentioned that I was part of this, I was the one who was organizing everything. The dominant caste people just didn't find it relevant.

Earlier this month, Brown University officials added caste protections to its nondiscrimination policies. Brown is the first Ivy League school to make the move, but not the first U.S. college. Brandeis University in Massachusetts added the protections in 2019, and earlier this year the California State University system followed suit.

Meena Varma is the executive director of the International Dalit Solidarity Network.

VARMA: Caste discrimination is a form of discrimination that has come down through millennia of social practice, social hierarchy. And it's basically where the discriminated against were known as the former untouchables, especially in South Asia…I think within certain religions, if you live a good life, you can move up from one class to another, but that benefit is not afforded to Dalits or the untouchables.

Caste discrimination has popped up in other areas of the world outside South Asia, including the United Kingdom, where Varma lives and works. Growing up, she never heard about the practice.

VARMA: Wherever the South Asian diaspora in particular goes, they take their caste with them. And so caste discrimination then gets practiced amongst the diaspora. It gets practiced amongst the younger generation and actually, it's become a badge of pride…

The number of Indian students coming to study in the U.S. jumped this year as COVID-19 restrictions loosened. Immigrants from India in America outnumber immigrants from every country except Mexico. Over 4.6 million live in the U.S., making up a little over one percent of the population.

In a 2016 survey by Equality Labs, a Dalit civil rights group, one-third of Dalit students at U.S. colleges said they faced discrimination at school. In India, caste discrimination can be violent. In U.S. schools, caste discrimination is less obvious.

VARMA: There is a certain amount of exclusion. And so what you'll find is that those students that identify as Dalits will actually hide that identity in order to either try to fit in or to keep their heads under the parapet because as soon as it's raised, then they actually do get targeted from the most basic of people refusing to sit at the same table as them to the more horrific abuses of trolling on social media platforms.

Adding caste protections into nondiscrimination policies allows students to file a complaint if they feel others have used their caste against them. It also shines a light on caste discrimination.

Earlier this year, two California State University professors filed a lawsuit over the caste protections. The professors claimed that the new rule would unfairly target Hindus. Varma says that people critical of caste protections are often from the more dominant castes. She adds that some non-Hindu groups also practice some form of caste, so the protections don’t target Hindus only.

VARMA: The globalization and global movement of people is a really positive thing. But the globalization and the movement of bad behaviors is not having policies in place, it might not change mindsets, but it changes behavior. And once behavior changes, over time, things will improve generationally.

U.S. colleges aren’t the only group seeing more concern about caste discrimination. Companies with high numbers of South Asian employees also experience the problem. In 2020, California officials sued the Cisco company after an employee claimed managers limited his work assignments because of his caste.

Many people outside of South Asian communities often won’t recognize caste discrimination when it happens. Sometimes simply asking for someone’s surname is a veiled attempt to know their caste, as last names often indicate caste.

YENGDE: In that just basic conversation, it can start as little as where are you from? What do your parents do? And then slowly, it can go down to asking indirect questions that are about caste. One might not even realize they're asking but the person who is on the other end of the spectrum does notice the spark of the conversation.

Yengde wants to see more schools recognize caste discrimination as a problem. He hopes more people understand that caste is a greater issue for many South Asians that some people realize.

YENGDE: Americans need to be sensitive about this the way they had taken upon the issues of apartheid, they have to not take this issue as their own, but more university campuses recognizing and outlawing it, there is a hope.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Lauren Dunn.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Coming up next on The World and Everything in It: pregnancy-care centers under fire.

It’s been six months since the landmark Dobbs decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that overturned Roe v. Wade.

Since then, pro-life pregnancy centers have been targets for violent pro-abortion activists.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: Vandals damaged the Capitol Hill Pregnancy Center in Washington, D.C. earlier this year when a draft of the Dobbs decision was leaked. The care center remained open but not absent from the public eye. WORLD Washington correspondent Carolina Lumetta has the story.

AUDIO: [PROTESTS AT BANQUET]

CAROLINA LUMETTA, REPORTER: That’s the moment protesters pretending to be guests at the Capitol Hill Pregnancy Center banquet erupted in shouts. I attended the free event, hosted at a hotel in nearby Arlington, Virginia, on December 1st. After the three-course meal, director Janet Durig began a presentation about the center’s work. As soon as she began to speak about attacks on the building, four guests jumped up in succession and screamed obscenities about the center and pro-lifers. Roughly 30 minutes later, following a video message from Alliance Defending Freedom senior counsel Erin Hawley, four attendees at another table did the same:

AUDIO: [PROTESTS AT BANQUET]

I sat down with Janet Durig a few weeks later. If you lean out of her second-story office, you can see the dome of the United States Capitol down the street. Expectant mothers wait with strollers in the lobby, while staffers and volunteers look up community resources, fold onesies, and answer the phones.

DURIG: So for instance, today we have women coming to get clothes for their baby winter coats and things like that, diapers, we give away an emergency supply of diapers. But we feel like that when women and families are keeping their children, we're happy for them. And sometimes they need a little bit of help.

Durig told me they also coordinate with community programs to offer parenting classes and jobs training. While the center does have an ultrasound machine, they’re still looking for a sonographer to allow them to show mothers their unborn babies. Durig and other staffers also maintain two counseling rooms to talk with clients or just pray.

DURIG: We try to help people as much as we can. And a great deal of help is often emotional. And so we are faith based. And we do offer prayer with a– with people when they're meeting with us. And if they say no to the prayer, we don't force that on them. But we always disclose that we are faith based.

Nevertheless, stickers have popped up all over the district calling the center a “fake clinic.” And the scrutiny hasn’t stopped there. When a draft opinion of the Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson leaked, protesters covered the door with red paint and spray painted the message “Jane says revenge” on the white brick wall. The militant group Jane’s Revenge claimed responsibility for several such vandalisms and even pipe bombs at other pregnancy centers across the country. Just a few weeks ago, a group of students from Georgetown University showed up on the sidewalk to protest.

DURIG: I did go out and invite them to come in and tour the building and listen to what, what we do. And I went out and tried to shake hands with people and a few people with two students shook my hand and one of the men shook my hand. And so I came back inside the building, frustrated that nobody would come and see. I mean, they're out there saying, it's all about women's health and shut them down. We are about women's health, women's health. And I guess my question that I was leading up to is when did someone choosing life caused so much controversy?

As Durig and her staff prepared for their Christmas banquet, she received communications from the Department of Homeland Security that they had tracked online chatter about protesting her event. She and the department coordinated with Arlington, Virginia, police and hotel security to manage a crowd of roughly 30 that gathered on the sidewalk outside, chanting “thank God for abortion.” What she didn’t know at the time was that she had received two fake rsvps from protesters. One of them shared a table with a young woman who kept her baby because of the pregnancy center.

DURIG: We seated him at the same table where our testimony, the young woman who chose life and has a beautiful little girl, and had a beautiful story to share with everybody. And he was seated right next to her. And then after he protested, she’d had to bear all that protest from him. Like, what was wrong with her for choosing life.

But also attending the banquet were members of a private security team the center has employed since the vandalism in May. Even the ones not on duty jumped into action to escort each protester out of the room. While the pro-abortion anger is nothing new to Durig, she says the focus on her organization is new.

DURIG: I don't think the rhetoric has changed. It's here now it's in front of our building. Now it was just never in front of our building before.

Protest activist organizations like ShutDownDC praised the vandalism in May and the banquet disruption earlier this month, calling it a “forced birther dessert.” But pregnancy centers aren’t the only areas still on the receiving end of pro-abortion vehemence. At a recent Federalist Society talk in Washington, Supreme Court Justice Amy Coney Barrett responded to audience applause with, “It’s really nice to have a lot of noise not made by protesters outside of my house.”

For Durig, going on 20 years working at the pregnancy center, she doesn’t plan on her work slowing down in the new year. In response to protesters yelling “blood on your hands” at the banquet, she points out that their services are not only for the women keeping their babies.

DURIG: Sometimes they do come very abortion minded or abortion vulnerable. And they leave. And they still don't know what their decision’s going to be. We want her to know that if she does go through with that abortion, and if she has any negative reaction emotionally, in any way, this is a safe place to come back that we will not judge her. I don't know how more clear we can be of what that actually means. That doesn't mean we want her to abort the baby. We don't. But we do want her to be healthy mentally and physically.

As far as I know, the United States is still a place where people have choices. And that if someone chooses life, stop being angry about it.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Carolina Lumetta.

NICK EICHER, HOST: A family in North Carolina played host to an uninvited holiday guest.

A squirrel found a way in.

This of course roused the attention of the family dog and the chase was on. Until the squirrel took refuge in a tree, the Christmas tree, right there in the living room.

So homeowner Taylor Stading tried sweet reason.

AUDIO: The window’s open. Seriously, what are you doing?

Then she tried force.

AUDIO: [Shaking tree]

...then she turned to intimidation.

AUDIO: Get out!

You think that worked?!

REICHARD: Nah.

EICHER: Nope. But all’s well that ends well: the squirrel made a run for it. Out the open window

AUDIO: [Scream]

Much to the shock of Mrs. Stading.

REICHARD: Ah, Christmas memories!

EICHER: Not soon forgotten.

It’s The World and Everything in It.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: Today is Tuesday, December 20th, the last day of official autumn! Thank you for turning to WORLD Radio to help start your day.

Good morning. I’m Mary Reichard.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher. Next up on The World and Everything in It: Corruption.

It runs rampant in many countries, and if the experts are right, corruption in the United States is at its worst level in years.

What happens to a small town in the wake of a big corruption scandal?

REICHARD: WORLD Senior Writer Kim Henderson takes us to a community trying to rebound after its top leader made headlines for all the wrong reasons.

KIM HENDERSON, SENIOR WRITER: The 100-year-old city hall building in Aberdeen, Mississippi, is a historic treasure. Grand marble staircase. Original porcelain water fountains. A stained-glass dome made by L.C. Tiffany himself.

But all that beautiful history wasn’t enough to keep ugly modern-day problems at bay.

AUDIO: [ARREST]

In 2018, police arrested Aberdeen’s young, charismatic mayor on embezzlement charges. Nolan Bowen remembers it well. He has a business in downtown Aberdeen, and he says it was a difficult time.

BOWEN: All of that is being broadcast on the local news stations. So if you get a reputation like that, and people rather move out than move in, I mean, who does that help?

Still, Aberdeen’s corruption case seems tame in comparison to others in the news. Authorities arrested the now former mayor for pocketing travel money for business trips he never took. About $3,500. While that doesn’t seem like a lot of money, the real cost is in the loss of trust.

SPEAKER: FIRST OF ALL . . .

Even now, four years later, Aberdeen is struggling to regain its balance.

It’s Wednesday night, and residents of Aberdeen’s Ward 3 are meeting upstairs in City Hall. They’re praying before the session opens.

SPEAKER: FIRST OF ALL . . .

What follows is a time of open discourse, and that’s good for the hurting community. The mayor’s arrest was bad enough, but what happened when he was still in office awaiting trial really rocked the town. The mayor’s supporters believed he was innocent, and pushback led to the termination of the city’s judge, clerk, utilities manager, assistant police chief, and attorney.

FAULKS: The city attorney advises the mayor and the Board of Aldermen. They are in effect operating a multimillion-dollar business . . .

That’s Bob Faulks. He has been city attorney for Aberdeen for the better part of 19 years.

FAULKS: All public officials are required to comply with the ethics laws. There are a lot of other technical laws about purchasing contracts, employment. I do share those laws with the mayor and the board . . .

The city attorney’s role is to give advice to city leaders. But Faulks stresses that while he can advise elected officials, he cannot control them.

FAULKS: Yeah. They're all grown people. You can't control anybody.

After the ex-mayor pleaded guilty and was removed from office, Faulks regained his job. These days, he’s offering advice to a new group of officials occupying Aberdeen’s City Hall.

FAULKS: We have a mayor who really works hard, and he's very prepared and very knowledgeable.

The new mayor’s name is Charles Scott.

Scott grew up in Aberdeen, but he built a career in the military. Now he’s back, elected to office, trying to turn things around.

Scott has a hard and fast rule: No talking about the former mayor. Ever.

SCOTT: My focus is, what will I be able to do to push Aberdeen forward? We're not going to spend time continuing to live whatever happened during that time.

One of Scott’s priorities is getting the city’s workforce—about 100 employees—to think differently about their jobs.

SCOTT: We work for the citizens of Aberdeen. Just understand that piece. Don't go any farther than that. You actually work for the citizens of Aberdeen.

Not long after Scott took office, he instituted mandatory training. Every two weeks, the new mayor met with city workers.

SCOTT: We're talking about all of those intangibles of leadership and why you need to buy into being a leader over you.

And that’s when Scott’s Army background really came into focus.

SCOTT: Everything that the military teaches you about accountability is, number one, accounting for yourself. So that “Be, know, do.” Be where you're supposed to be. Know your job, and do it . . .

A document from the Mississippi state auditor’s office shows it’s investigated all kinds of embezzlers, from road crew workers to a secretary for a volunteer fire department. That’s why Aberdeen’s new mayor wants to make sure everybody is playing by the rules.

SCOTT: Getting our employees to start to inspect their equipment before they go home. Getting our employees to account for their equipment . . .

Accountability. Transparency. Scott believes that’s the way to rebuild trust.

SCOTT: Then, if we do it right, we can present it to our citizens without even talking about it. They will see your actions.

But talking about it doesn’t hurt. At the Ward 3 meeting, residents speak out about the need for more street lights. The utilities director has the opportunity to explain.

It’s the sound of restored law and order.

City Attorney Bob Faulks believes things are looking up.

FAULKS: I comment to people, “It's good to be in Aberdeen right now.”

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Kim Henderson in Aberdeen, Mississippi.

EICHER: To see photos and read Kim’s story, look for the December 24th issue of WORLD Magazine and we’ll post a link in today’s transcript.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Today is Tuesday, December 20th. Good morning! This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Nick Eicher.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: And I’m Mary Reichard.

In December 2018, Chinese authorities arrested a man named Wang Yi. He’s a Christian pastor and leader of Early Rain Covenant Church. More than a hundred members of the house church were also arrested.

Members videotaped some of the arrests, which ended up in news reports, like this one by the South China Morning Post.

CLIP: ARGUING IN CHINESE

EICHER: Authorities soon released most of those arrested, but not Wang. He was sentenced to nine years in prison for the charge of “inciting subversion of state power.” Four years later, Wang remains in prison, but his words and ideas garner attention around the world.

Today, WORLD Reporter Erica Kwong reviews a new book in English based on Wang’s writings and sermons. For reasons of Erica’s security, her review is being read by WORLD reporter Juliana Chan Erikson.

ERICA KWONG, REPORTER: Faithful Disobedience edited by Hannah Nation and J.D. Tseng is a collection of Pastor Wang Yi’s important texts now available in English. It includes sermons delivered at major international conferences, interviews, blog entries, and pastoral letters. The book also offers contributions by other prominent house church leaders, including Jin Mingri.

Editor Hannah Nation had this to say on a recent podcast with Aaron Shamp.

NATION: For Wang Yi, he is very interested in this question: What is the church? And what is it for in our world? All of his conflict with the state church comes down to this question of who’s the head of the church, and who’s the authority of church?

As a house church pastor, Wang argues for the importance of unregistered congregations that are distinct from state-sanctioned churches. The Chinese government regulates churches belonging to the Three-Self Patriotic Movement or TSPM. But house churches refuse to allow the Chinese government to co-opt their theology and practices. And while they do meet in houses, some gather in offices and even public parks.

Wang is a legal scholar. He traces the emergence of house churches in the 1950’s and presents clear reasons to reject participation in the TSPM. I hesitate to fully endorse all of Wang’s arguments. I know several Christians who’ve attended Three-Self churches and have found biblical teaching there.

Still, Wang’s strong faith is indisputable. Faithful Disobedience includes this sermon which followed his earlier release from police custody in May 2018.

CLIP: [WANG YI SPEAKING CHINESE]

Here Wang says what a church glories in shows how faithful it is and how much hope it has. He says the church “should glory in suffering for Christ. It should glory in those members who suffer for the sake of Christ. It should glory in the life of the martyrs.” Wang also condemns persecution because it hinders people coming to Jesus.

In another essay, Wang lists his resolutions in the face of persecution, such as refusing to admit to so-called crimes. He also plans to peacefully resist indoctrination “unless the prison authority tortures me brutally to the point of crushing my health and spirit.”

This book includes a helpful timeline for readers unfamiliar with the development of Christianity in China. A glossary of key terms also helps clarify the Chinese context of religion and politics.

Ultimately, Faithful Disobedience offers insights into the ways the Chinese government frequently uses the TSPM against God’s Kingdom—but it also shows how faithful Christians like Wang stand firm.

I found one quote particularly meaningful. Wang writes, “I hope God uses me, by means of first losing my personal freedom, to tell those who have deprived me of my personal freedom that there is an authority higher than their authority, and that there is a freedom that they cannot restrain, a freedom that fills the church of the crucified and risen Jesus Christ.”

I’m Erica Kwong.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Tomorrow: we’ll review some of the most important political stories of 2022 during our last Washington Wednesday of the year.

And, our weekly run-down of international news on World Tour.

Plus celebrating Christmas with light.

That and more tomorrow.

I’m Nick Eicher.

MARY REICHARD, HOST: And I’m Mary Reichard.

The World and Everything in It comes to you from WORLD Radio.

WORLD’s mission is biblically objective journalism that informs, educates, and inspires.

The Bible says: blessed are those who keep my ways. Hear instruction and be wise, and do not neglect it. Blessed is the one who listens to me, watching daily at my gates, waiting beside my doors. (Proverbs 8:32-34 ESV)

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Go now in grace and peace.

WORLD Radio transcripts are created on a rush deadline. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of WORLD Radio programming is the audio record.