The World and Everything in It: April 18, 2023

PREROLL: The World and Everything in It is made possible by listeners like us. Hi! My name is Kimmie Schubert. I am 12, and I live in Madison, South Dakota where I listen to WORLD radio with my parents and watch WORLD Watch with my four siblings. I also want to say hi to my Papa who listens to the podcast every morning. I hope you enjoy today’s program.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: Good morning!

Two weeks ago a federal judge challenged access to a 23-year old abortion drug. What’s next in the battle over chemical abortions?

NICK EICHER, HOST: Also today, a promising new treatment for stroke victims.

Plus, rescuing the tiniest of lives.

KIMBERLY TYSON: If we believe life begins at conception, then we believe that each of these embryos is a human being waiting to be born.

And a traffic jam right in the middle of mom’s kitchen. Whitney Williams will be along later.

BUTLER: It’s Tuesday, April 18th. This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Paul Butler.

EICHER: And I’m Nick Eicher. Good morning!

BUTLER: Up next, Jill Nelson has today’s news.

JILL NELSON, NEWS ANCHOR: Sudan » The death toll from clashes in Sudan has risen to about 200, with nearly 2,000 people injured.

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres:

ANTONIO GUTERRES: The situation has already led to horrendous loss of life, including many civilians. The humanitarian situation in Sudan was already precarious and is now catastrophic.

Two generals are fighting each other for control in the country after leading a coup together in 2021.

United Nations official Volker Perthes:

VOLKER PERTHES: The two sides who are fighting are not giving the impression that they want mediation for a peace between them right away.

The battle started this weekend, trapping people in their homes or other shelters.

Missiles have also hit hospitals, making it harder for the injured to get treatment.

China secret police » Two American men are in federal custody on charges of conspiring with the Chinese government. WORLD’s Mary Muncy has more.

MARY MUNCY: Federal prosecutors in New York City arrested Lu Jianwang and Chen Jinping yesterday for setting up a secret police station in Manhattan’s Chinatown.

Both men are U.S. citizens and neither registered as agents of a foreign government.

Officials say the men used the outpost to intimidate Chinese dissidents living in the U.S.

Two other cases filed on Monday charged 34 Chinese national police officers and at least eight other officials with using social media to harass Chinese citizens living abroad.

The defendants in those cases are believed to be living in China.

For WORLD, I’m Mary Muncy.  

KC shooting » An elderly man faces felony assault charges for shooting a teenage boy who rang the wrong doorbell.

Clay County, Missouri, Prosecutor Zachary Thompson:

ZACHARY THOMPSON: This afternoon my office received a criminal referral from the Kansas City, Missouri, police department. After a thorough review of the case file the appropriate laws and information gained during the investigation phase of the case, I filed two felony counts.

Sixteen-year-old Ralph Yarl was picking up his younger siblings Thursday night but went to the wrong address.

The homeowner, Andrew Lester, told police he had just gone to bed when he heard his doorbell.

He said he saw Yarl pulling on the handle of the front storm door and thought someone was trying to break in.

He shot Yarl twice; once in the head. The teen has been released from the hospital and is recovering at home. The arrest follows protests over the weekend calling for charges against the homeowner.

McCarthy » The Republican-led House will vote on legislation to raise the U-S government’s debt ceiling and make major spending cuts.

House Speaker Kevin McCarthy spoke at the New York Stock Exchange yesterday and promised to, in his words, lift the debt ceiling into the next year. The current debt limit is $31 trillion.

McCarthy also criticized President Biden’s response to economic challenges.

KEVIN McCARTHY: Rather than face the facts, this president has embraced a fantasy that debt doesn't matter, that money can always be created out of thin air.

The speaker’s plan would cap all government spending increases at 1 percent per year, and roll spending back to fiscal year 2022 levels.

Democrats maintain there should be no conditions tied to raising the debt ceiling.

McConnell Returns » Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell returned to the Capitol yesterday nearly six weeks after he fell and suffered a concussion.

MITCH MCCONNELL: Needless to say I’m very happy to be back. There’s important business for Congress to tackle. We should be working to undo this administration’s mistakes.

The 81-year-old Kentucky senator is expected to decide whether Republicans should support a plan to temporarily replace Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein on the Judiciary Committee.

The 89-year-old Feinstein has been in California for over six weeks recovering from a case of shingles. Her absence has made it more difficult for the committee to approve President Joe Biden’s judicial nominations.

Democrats need 60 votes to replace Feinstein, which means at least 10 Republicans would need to support the measure.

Boston marathon » 

SOUND: [Boston marathon cheers]

Kenyan runner Evans Chebet won the Boston Marathon yesterday for the second year in a row. He beat marathon world record holder Eliud Kipchoge.

Hellen Obiri, also from Kenya, won the women’s race.

Over the weekend, thousands of people gathered at the marathon finish line to mark the ten-year anniversary of a deadly bombing at the race.

One of bombers is still fighting his death sentence, which the Supreme Court upheld last year.

I’m Jill Nelson.

Straight ahead: Taking a hard look at the other abortion pill. Plus, adopting frozen embryos. 

This is The World and Everything in It.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: It’s Tuesday, the 18th day of April, 2023.

Glad to have you along for today’s edition of The World and Everything in It. Good morning, I’m Paul Butler.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher.

First up on The World and Everything in It: chemical abortions.

Now a quick word to parents, we will go into some detail that may not be suitable for younger listeners.

Back in the year 2000, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the abortion drug mifepristone.

But two weeks ago, a federal district judge in Texas put a pause on that approval. Mifepristone is a drug that kills unborn babies by blocking a hormone that they need to grow in utero. That hormone is called progesterone.

BUTLER: On April 10th, the FDA appealed the Texas ruling, and the Supreme Court placed it on hold until it can consider the case more fully. If mif-e-pristone comes off the market, some pro-lifers are concerned about the abortion industry’s backup plan. Specifically shifting to a form of chemical abortions common in underdeveloped countries. WORLD’s life beat reporter Leah Savas spoke with an overseas doctor as well as a former U.S. abortion industry worker to get their perspectives.

LEAH SAVAS, REPORTER: The process for chemically aborting a baby in the US requires two drugs: mifepristone to kill the baby, and another one, called misoprostol, to expel the baby. But with the future of mifepristone uncertain, pro-abortion physicians in February published an article in the medical journal Contraception recommending a sample protocol for how to do abortions with just misoprostol.

This is already a common form of abortion in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, so I spoke to a pro-life doctor overseas who’s seen the after-effects of these abortions. Clarke McIntosh has been a medical missionary in South Sudan for the past 14 years. McIntosh was in the United States back in 2000, when the FDA approved mifepristone. He thought the FDA’s decision to push the drug through to approval was horrendous. But now that he’s overseas, he doesn’t really deal with that drug.

CLARKE MCINTOSH: I've never seen mifepristone in South Sudan. And whereas misoprostol, you know, we actually use fairly often in our hospital. We used it last night in a woman who was not progressing in her in her delivery, in her labor. We did it again for a woman who had a naturally occurring miscarriage as we would say in the United States the baby was gone, but there was tissue in there and it needed to come out and we used misoprostol in that situation, to open up the cervix so that we can take out that dead tissue, that tissue that would never result in a baby's life.

But it’s not just doctors who have access to misoprostol in countries like South Sudan. McIntosh says unlicensed pharmacies sometimes sell misoprostol stolen from hospitals, and he thinks that’s how women in communities access it to abort their babies.

A recent paper from the pro-life Charlotte Lozier Institute points to past studies that show misoprostol-only abortions are more likely to require surgical intervention. That’s because sometimes pieces of the baby stay inside the woman, something McIntosh has seen more than once.

MCINTOSH: Some of the young girls, particularly those who were in school, got pregnant, did not want to drop out of school, had found misoprostol and at least twice, I knew of young women who, who used misoprostol to induce an abortion. In both of those situations the abortion was incomplete. And so we ended up having to do a D&C on them to complete the abortions.

McIntosh says the biggest risks of incomplete chemical abortions are bleeding and infections. The dead remains of the baby attract bacteria, which can lead to sepsis, an infection of the bloodstream that can be deadly.

Women who have experienced chemical abortions have extremely personal reasons for being concerned about the shift to misoprostol.

KELLY LESTER: My name is Kelly Lester. I am the Outreach and government engagement coordinator for And Then There Were None and ProLove Ministries. I am a former abortion worker. I also am a woman who's had multiple abortions.

Lester has had four abortions. The third one was a chemical abortion. As an abortion facility worker, Lester had told women that the process would be more natural than a surgical abortion.

LESTER: You'll feel the contents of your uterus gently come out. It's basically like a period you know.

But when Lester went through the experience herself, it turned out to be nothing like a routine period.

LESTER: I was fully conscious. I took the pills myself. I had the abortion in my home and really had to return to the scene of the crime. So the bathroom where I saw my baby come out—I had to go back to that bathroom. And it was so traumatic, in fact that I actually moved out of my apartment because I didn't want to have to keep remembering that experience.

Even though Lester took both mifepristone and misoprostol for this abortion, she remembers the effects of the misoprostol being especially violent.

LESTER: It is labor. I mean, you are going into full labor. You are—the process forces your body to go from not being in labor to, throws it into extreme labor, so it was very very traumatic.

That experience makes her worried that the recommended protocol will increase the danger of chemical abortions for women, beyond the existing danger for the babies.

The current FDA chemical abortion regimen calls for 200 milligrams of mifepristone followed by 800 micrograms of misoprostol. But if mifepristone becomes unavailable, the Contraception journal article recommends women take three to four times as much misoprostol split between several doses.

LESTER: It is throwing women's bodies into labor super fast. The the risk for cer—for cervical rupture, for uterine rupture, for those kinds of things is a much higher risk with this new protocol.

And Lester has other concerns. One being that misoprostol-only abortions are not reversible. An increasing number of pregnancy centers offer Abortion Pill Reversal treatment–progesterone pills or injections that counteract the effects of the mifepristone. But by the time you take misoprostol, it’s too late to reverse. You can’t save the baby.

For this and related reasons, Lester is not thrilled about the attempts to take mifepristone off the market.

LESTER: I haven't understood why we were trying to push this as the pro-life movement. It it was, in my opinion, pretty short sighted for us to really go this route route, because . They're still gonna have a chemical abort—You know what I mean? I just don't see the win.

But to Dr. McIntosh, mifepristone is the more dangerous drug. In his mind, taking it off the market would be a significant win for the pro-life movement, and the medical industry more broadly.

MCINTOSH: Mifepristone has never been proven to be fay, safe, and then has some more and more not to be safe since it was released. And the FDA is has turned blind eyes to it. So I'm thrilled with this lawsuit and I certainly hope it goes through.

Regardless of the final ruling, the pro-life movement’s efforts to end chemical abortions won’t be over.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Leah Savas.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Coming up next on The World and Everything in It: a new treatment for people paralyzed by strokes.

Every year, nearly 800,000 people in the U.S. suffer a stroke. About eight out of ten stroke survivors are left with some paralysis. Typically, the effect will be to just one side of the body with the muscles in their faces, arms, and legs unable to function as they used to.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: But a University of Pittsburgh research team is helping stroke victims get as much of their lives back as they can.

WORLD’s Mary Muncy brings us the story.

SOUND: [Cutting steak]

MARY MUNCY, REPORTER: Cutting a steak is definitely a two-handed exercise, as I rediscovered recently. And it’s something Heather Rendulic didn’t think much about until 2011, when she had a series of strokes that rendered her left side almost completely paralyzed. At their anniversary dinner last year, Rendulic watched her husband take his first bite of steak.

HEATHER RENDULIC: I just want to get in there. But I have to say, Oh, wait, Honey, can you please cut up my steak for me?

Her husband took her plate and cut up her steak for her. He did it gladly, like he always does.

RENDULIC: I'm feeling, you know, kind of childlike, like when my mom used to have to cut up my food when I was a toddler, and not a 33 year old woman on a wedding anniversary dinner with her husband.

Rendulic had her first stroke when she was 22.

RENDULIC: I was otherwise a very healthy, young adult, there's no history or family history.

The doctors said she had a cavernous angioma. It’s basically a cluster of weak blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord. The only known cure is surgery, but Rendulic’s was too deep in her brain to operate.

RENDULIC: So I was told to just live my life as best I could, and hopefully it wouldn't bleed again. But unfortunately, for me, it bled five times over 11 months.

Her fifth stroke almost completely paralyzed her left side, but it also moved the cavernous angioma so that they could operate.

RENDULIC: I was very blessed that they were able to completely cure me of cavernous angioma. They removed the lesion entirely.

But she was still paralyzed. She eventually relearned how to walk, but she still can’t use her left arm. She’ll probably never have full function again.

RENDULIC: I always tell people, I live one handed in a two handed world.

It’s typically much harder for people to regain function in their upper limbs rather than their lower limbs after a stroke.  

WAYNE FENG: My name is Wayne Feng. I’m a stroke neurologist, also physician scientist in stroke recovery. I direct the Stroke Program at Duke University.

Feng says walking, or locomotion, is controlled by a different part of the brain than upper limb function, and strokes more often affect the part of the brain that controls someone’s upper limbs.

Also, walking doesn’t require very precise movements. It’s just plant your foot, balance for a second, plant the other foot.

Contrast that with picking up a glass of water. Your arm has to move to the cup without hitting it, grab the cup, then lift it with just enough force to bring it to your mouth but not so much force that the water launches out over the top.

But the task still isn’t done. Then you have to tip the water into your mouth and set the cup down.

FENG: A lot of patients, they just cannot, you know, recover their arm function. But I wouldn't say two thirds of the patients or more than that, they will gain the ability to to walk.

Researchers like Feng have been trying to develop technology to restore function in the upper limbs, and the University of Pittsburgh is now in the trial stage of a spinal implant that could do just that.

Rendulic participated in one of the trials. Surgeons placed electrodes in her spinal column to help rebuild the pathways between her brain and her arm.

FENG: It’s basically using electro stimulation, that's, you know, that's a currency in humans. We use electricity to communicate.

The electricity basically runs along highways from our brains to our extremities and back again, sending signals like grab that, that’s warm, set that down. But a stroke can wreck that highway.

FENG: So that time you turn on a stimulation, you basically amplify the signal you send from the brain to your arm.

The implant creates a bridge or an alternate route for those signals to go across. Other types of technology stimulate the brain to give stronger signals, rather than creating a bridge. But this method is more precise, though it doesn’t work for everyone.

While Rendulic saw a lot of success, the other patient in the trial saw very little.

Feng says the researchers need more information on what types of stroke patients this kind of stimulation can help.

FENG: I'm thinking it is probably five to ten years, but we also learn a lot from what they learn from this.

After the trial, Rendulic had to have the electrodes removed, but not before she got a surprise.

She was sitting in the lab, surrounded by her family when the researchers brought out a steak.

RESEARCHER: You’re cutting it! 

RENDULIC: I’m cutting it!

It was surreal, because it was something I never thought I would do again. But it also gave me so much hope of like the opportunities of what this technology will do for not only me but other people.

MUNCY: Reporting for WORLD, I’m Mary Muncy.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Well they say crime doesn’t pay, but it apparently makes change. Two-million dimes to be exact.

Last week, somebody robbed a truck filled with them.

Here’s what happened. During the 12-hundred-mile drive from the Philadelphia mint down to Miami, the truck driver had to stop for the night, and so he parked in a Wal-Mart.

Bad idea. When he returned the next morning, the evidence was all over the place. Here’s CBS News Philadelphia.

CBS: The theft of more than $200,000 in dimes was a sloppy heist where the thieves spilled their loot all over the ground while transferring the 10 cent pieces from large heavy bags to whatever they carried them away in.

And what they carried away was about 5 tons of dimes, but I’ve got to believe they’re not moving very fast. And I have no idea how they plan to offload this mountain of moolah. But let’s just say it this way, all the dime stores in a hundred-mile radius ought to be very suspicious of large purchases. With all that change in their pockets, cha-ching, cha-ching, you’ll probably hear the bad guys coming.

It’s The World and Everything in It.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: Today is Tuesday, April 18th.

Thank you for turning to WORLD Radio to help start your day.

Good morning. I’m Paul Butler.

NICK EICHER, HOST: And I’m Nick Eicher.

Coming next on The World and Everything in It: adoption.

Today, we launch Season Four of Effective Compassion. It’s our podcast on help that really helps. Ways that Christians can live out the call of Jesus to care for those in need.

This season, our emphasis is on caring for kids in crisis: How adoption and foster care works, the challenges involved, and how the church can step up.

BUTLER: When you hear the word “adoption,” maybe the last thing you’d think of is embryo adoption. Earlier this year, we talked with the parents of two babies born from embryos frozen 30 years ago.

But there are still as many as three million frozen embryos in the U-S. Some say that’s a whole population waiting to be rescued. Here’s WORLD’s Anna Johansen Brown.

ANNA JOHANSEN BROWN, REPORTER: The silver tanks look like something out of a sci-fi movie. They’re big, waist-high jugs that smoke when you open them. That’s because they’re filled with liquid nitrogen, and hundreds of tiny human embryos, all frozen at about 200 degrees below zero.

VIDEO: This is the preparation for embryo thawing. 

This fertility clinic in California posted a tour of its facility on YouTube. Dr. Jason Barritt is the lab director at the Southern California Reproductive Center.

JASON BARRITT: So what you see us doing here is taking liquid nitrogen and preparing a liquid nitrogen bath for us to be able to pull embryos out of liquid nitrogen storage, and then test and find out which ones we need, before we actually do the process of thawing or warming the embryo.

The embryos are tiny little specks, all created through IVF, in vitro fertilization. That’s when doctors create an embryo outside the body. Later, they’ll implant the embryo in a woman’s uterus to grow and develop for the next nine months.

KIMBERLY TYSON: If we believe life begins at conception, then we believe that each of these embryos is a human being waiting to be born.

That’s Kimberly Tyson. She’s the Vice President of the Snowflakes Embryo Adoption Program. She wants to give each of those tiny little specks of life a chance at living.

IVF often creates extra embryos just in case the first few don’t make it. And those extras often sit frozen in storage for years. Sometimes decades. Keeping embryos in storage is expensive…anywhere from $400 to $1,000 dollars per year. That’s on top of the initial freezing fee of 10 to 15 thousand. So what happens when a couple decides they don’t want their embryos any more?

TYSON: So you really just walk away from them and abandon them. Or…you can donate them for reproduction.

The Snowflakes program started in 1997. It’s still small: Last year, it helped about 200 adoptive families and 200 placing families.

Tyson says she treats embryo adoption basically the same way as a traditional adoption.

TYSON: We require families to complete a home study. We also are encouraging open relationships between the placing family and the adopting family because we believe that the children born from embryo adoption deserve to know about their genetic origins.

But none of those adoption best-practices are required by law, not for embryos, anyway.

TYSON: In the United States, embryos are considered property and not people. And so the exchange of embryos between somebody who has them is an exchange of property.

The only real regulation on embryo transfers is from the FDAL rules about the placement of human tissue and infectious disease precautions.

Many fertility specialists don’t like the term “embryo adoption” at all: It implies that the embryos are children.

Snowflakes had to create its own adoption contract based in property law, but wrapped in adoption language.

TYSON: Our contracts are covering all of the aspects of the exchange of this property. But identifying that the property is something more than just property; it’s a person.

But for some, that brings up other concerns. Kallie Fell is the Executive Director at the Center for Bioethics and Culture Network. She does believe that embryos are human lives, but she also thinks that embryo donation centers should be working themselves out of business.

KALLIE FELL: There's a large lack of studies on what happens, what are the health risks to these future children for being frozen for any length, amount, any length of time, and then and then and then thawed and then you know, adopted.

Some studies have shown a slightly higher risk of cancer for children born from frozen embryos.

Scott Rae is a professor of Christian ethics at Biola University. He references a different concern that some ethicists have…that having adoption as a safety net encourages the creation of more embryos.

SCOTT RAE: And I think the criticism I think is, you know, has some merit to it, because it it promotes I think it can promote doesn't always, but it can promote a cavalier attitude toward the creating of embryos outside the body.

And another thorny question:

RAE: I think you could still have a problem with human full human persons, which is what I think embryos are for human persons being frozen for the benefit of somebody else. I think you can raise a pretty serious moral question about that.

But Kimberly Tyson says embryo adoption isn’t the problem…it’s solving a problem that already exists.

TYSON: And the problem is excess embryos in frozen storage that nobody is doing anything with.

Couples are already having to figure out what to do with their remaining embryos.

TYSON: And if I believe that life begins at conception, I'm going to have a really hard time with the other three options that are available to me to keep them frozen forever to thaw them and discard them or to donate them to science which is going to destroy the embryos.

Scott Rae believes we should be careful and thoughtful about how we approach freezing embryos. He says there are some valid concerns, but he doesn’t think that should stop people from adopting these tiny lives.

RAE: I guess I would I would encourage people to view this as as the kind of heroic rescue that it actually is.

Reporting for WORLD, I’m Anna Johansen Brown.

BUTLER: Join us for the next ten weeks as we learn together how the church can help kids in crisis during season 4 of Effective Compassion. You can subscribe for free anywhere you get your podcasts. And if you’d like to hear our previous story from earlier this year, we’ve put a link to that in today’s transcript.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Today is Tuesday, April 18th. Good morning! This is The World and Everything in It from listener-supported WORLD Radio. I’m Nick Eicher.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: And I’m Paul Butler. If you’re a parent or grandparent, you’ve probably had the experience of trying to fix the same broken toy … over and over again. That kind of first world problem isn’t always fun, but Commentator Whitney Williams says in hindsight, the work of fixing a remote control car with dinner on the stove says more about mom than the toy.

WHITNEY WILLIAMS, COMMENTATOR: Remote control cars are the bane of my motherly existence.

It seems that each time we get a new one, I can’t even make it to the outside recycling bin with the Amazon box before something’s gone wrong. 

CHILD: It’s not how it’s supposed to go working. It’s not supposed to be working like that. 

Broken frame, been there, busted axle, done that. But most of the time, the car just stops working and usually it’s right in the middle of when I’m making dinner.

CHILD: Mom!

SOUND: [RC CAR DRIVING]

So I start off with a dramatic sigh and diagnostic questions: “When was the last time you charged it?” I’ll ask one of my boys. “How long is it supposed to charge? Is it supposed to be off or on while charging?”

He doesn’t know, of course. Doesn’t even know where the charger is. I respond. “The last time I saw it, it was next to your toothbrush.” He darts down the hall and then yells at me from the bathroom: “Where’s my toothbrush?” I yell back: “On the floor, next to the toilet.” Bingo.

Fast forward twenty minutes.

SOUND: [RC CAR REPAIR] 

I’ve now learned Morse code and have deciphered that seven and a half blinking red lights followed by a solid red light, full-stop, indicate the car’s fully charged. But it’s still not working.

It could be the batteries in the remote, I decide, so take out a battery tester and a floral hammer with a Philips head and a flathead screwdriver hidden in the handle. I don’t need the hammer right now, but I might if frustration gets the best of me, so I keep it handy.

Back to the car. Well, I’m back to the car. This is taking so long that my son’s forgotten he even had a remote control car, which makes me all the more determined to get it working. This was the toy that was supposed to make his dreams come true, so it’s gonna get played with, by golly!

SOUND: [RC CAR]  

I spend the next fifteen minutes removing itty bitty baby screws, testing batteries, searching YouTube for troubleshooting advice, and groaning internally. Then I let my husband deal with it.

Of course, a working car can be more trouble than a broken one. For instance, a working car might work itself right up into the neighbor girl’s hair. If this particular incident comes to pass in your house one day, and the girl comes to you with the car dangling off of her head like an earring, take it from me, and consider the car a lost cause. You see, we learned long ago that you can take a car out of a girl’s hair, but you can’t take a girl’s hair out of a car. Nope. Wheel and axle all locked up, the thing will only spin in circles from that point on. Kind of like my brain when I’m attempting to deal with first-world frustrations such as these.

SOUND: [Typing password]

Perhaps my next commentary will be about the torture of typing in a streaming password with your TV remote, scrolling to select one. letter. at. a. time. and then realizing that isn’t the correct password.

But first, to the trash can with yet another new toy, and yet another burnt dinner. Whoops.

SOUND: [Dumping car in trash]

I’m Whitney Williams.

NICK EICHER, HOST: Tomorrow: On Washington Wednesday, we’ll talk about the classified-documents leak and the accused leaker.

And we’ll hear from a former ad executive who left white-collar work to become a homebuilder.

That and more tomorrow. I’m Nick Eicher.

PAUL BUTLER, HOST: And I’m Paul Butler.

The World and Everything in It comes to you from WORLD Radio.

WORLD’s mission is biblically objective journalism that informs, educates, and inspires.

The Bible says:

“Enter his gates with thanksgiving, and his courts with praise! Give thanks to him; bless his name! For the LORD is good; his steadfast love endures forever, and his faithfulness to all generations.” Psalm 100, verses 4 and 5.

Go now in grace and peace.

WORLD Radio transcripts are created on a rush deadline. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of WORLD Radio programming is the audio record.